摘要
为了制备较高膨胀容积的膨胀石墨,研究了以50目、80目天然石墨为原料,以高锰酸钾为氧化剂,硫酸做插层剂,用化学氧化法制备膨胀石墨时,氧化剂、插层剂的用量以及酸浓度等因素对膨胀石墨膨胀容积的影响;测定了膨胀温度对膨胀容积的影响。通过正交实验,确定获得最大膨胀容积的最佳实验条件。实验结果表明:50目原料石墨的最佳条件为硫酸与原料石墨的液∶固=5∶1,KMn O4∶C=0.15∶1,硫酸浓度为50%(均为质量比),室温下反应时间为30 min,所得产品的膨胀容积为370 m L/g;80目原料石墨的最佳条件为硫酸与原料石墨的液:固=1.5∶1,KMn O4∶C=0.18∶1,硫酸浓度为73%(均为质量比),室温下反应时间为40 min,所得产品的膨胀容积为280 m L/g。原料石墨及可膨胀石墨的X-射线及电子能谱分析,证实了硫酸插层反应的成功性,两种原料制得可膨胀石墨的最佳膨胀温度均为900℃。
To make expanded graphite with higher expansion volume,it is researched the using amounts of oxidizing agent and intercalation agent,and the influence of acid concentration and etc. on the expansion volume,in the process to make expanded graphite with chemical oxidizing method： with natural graphite of 50 or 80 mesh as rawmaterial,potassium permanganate as oxidizing agent,sulfuric acid as intercalation agent.The influence of expansion temperature on expansion volume is measured. The best test conditions are determined for largest expansion volume through orthogonal test. It is showed from test that the best condition for50- mesh rawgraphite material is： proportion rate between sulfuric acid and rawgraphite material is 5 ∶ 1,KMn O4∶ C equaled as 0. 15∶ 1,the concentration of sulfuric acid 50 percent（ all is mass ratio）,reaction time under normal temperature as 30 min.,and the expansion volume of thus got product is 370 m L / g; the best conditions for 80- mesh rawgraphite material are separately,in the order,1. 5∶ 1,0. 18∶ 1,73 percent,40 min.,and got volume 280 m L / g. The success of sulfuric acid intercalation reaction is proved with X- ray and electron energy spectrum analysis for rawgraphite material and expansion graphite. The best expansion temperatures for the two rawmaterials all are 900℃.
出处
《河北冶金》
2015年第10期21-28,共8页
Hebei Metallurgy
关键词
膨胀石墨
膨胀容积
正交试验
制备
表征
expansion graphite
expansion volume
orthogonal test
make
characterization
