摘要
以海口市为例,研究了我国典型热带沿海城市——海口市环境空气颗粒物的污染特征和主要来源.2012年春季和冬季在海口市区4个采样点同步采集了环境空气中PM10和PM2.5样品,同时采集了多种颗粒物源样品,并使用多种仪器分析方法分析了源与受体样品的化学组成,建立了源化学成分谱.使用CMB(化学质量平衡)模型对海口市大气颗粒物进行源解析.结果表明:污染源贡献具有明显的季节特点,并存在一定的空间变化.冬季城市扬尘、机动车尾气尘、二次硫酸盐和煤烟尘是海口市PM10和PM2.5中贡献较大的源,在PM10和PM2.5中贡献率分别为23.6%、16.7%,17.5%、29.8%,13.3%、15.7%和13.0%、15.3%;春季机动车尾气尘、城市扬尘、建筑水泥尘和二次硫酸盐是海口市PM10和PM2.5中贡献较大的源,在PM10和PM2.5中贡献率分别为27.5%、35.0%,20.2%、14.9%,12.8%、6.0%和9.5%、10.5%.冬季较重的颗粒物污染可能来自于华南内陆地区的区域输送,特别是,本地排放极少的煤烟尘和二次硫酸盐受区域输送的影响更为显著.
The pollution characteristics and sources of size-resolved particles were studied in a typical tropical coastal city,Haikou,China. PM2. 5and PM10 were collected at four air quality monitoring sites in spring and winter 2012. In order to estimate the source contributions,source samples were collected and chemical species were analyzed simultaneously. The chemical mass balance（ CMB）receptor model was applied to apportion source contributions to ambient PM10 and PM2. 5using actual source profiles and ambient receptor measurements. The results showed that the seasonal variations of source contributions were distinctive,and spatial variations were perceptible. The major sources of PM10 and PM2. 5in winter were soil dust,vehicle exhaust,sulfates,and coal combustion,and the contribution ratios in PM10 and PM2. 5were 23. 6%,16. 7%; 17. 5%,29. 8%; 13. 3%,15. 7%; and 13. 0%,15. 3% respectively.While in spring,the dominant sources were vehicle exhaust,soil dust,cement dust,and sulfates,and the contribution ratios in PM10 and PM2. 5were 27. 5%,35. 0%; 20. 2%,14. 9%; 12. 8%,6. 0%; and 9. 5%,10. 5% respectively. In winter,most of the particulate matter was originated from the southern inland areas. The influence of regional transport for coal combustion and sulfates was more remarkable than for other source categories.
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期1501-1509,共9页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21407081)
