摘要
目的通过分析北京市顺义区布鲁菌病（布病）流行特征,为进一步做好防制工作提供依据。方法对2003—2014年顺义区布病疫情资料及个案流行病学调查资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果该区共报告布病37例,年均报告发病率为0.09/10万,2010年以后发病呈明显上升趋势,2014年发病率为有史以来的最高,达0.26/10万;2月和8月有2个发病高峰;发病主要集中在木林镇、马坡镇,其病例数占41.54%;男女发病比例为3.1∶1,其差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.01,P〈0.01）;50~60岁年龄组发病最高,占32.43%;职业以农民和民工为主,占54%（20/37）;仅2014年报告了2起家庭内聚集性疫情,其他年份无明显聚集性;89%（33/37）病例由省级医疗机构确诊;发病到就诊和确诊时间（M）分别为14和31d;73%（27/37）病例有牛羊猪等家畜暴露史,59.46%（22/37）病例接触家畜过程中未采取保护措施。结论控制布病需加强宣传教育和从业人员定期查体工作,提高自我防护意识。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shunyi District of Beijing,provide the basis for further prevention and control. [Methods] The data of epidemic situation and epidemiological investigation information of brucellosis case in Shunyi District from 2003-2014 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology. [Results] A total of 37 brucellosis cases were reported in Shunyi District,with the average annual incidence rate of 0.09/lakh. The incidence rate showed a significant rising trend since 2010,and it reached the peak in 2014,which was 0.26/lakh. Two peak seasons appeared in February and August respectively. Most of cases occurred in Mulin Town and Mapo Town,accounting for 41.54%. The male-tofemale ratio was 3.1 ∶1,and the difference in incidence rate between males and females was statistically significant（χ2=9.01,P〈0.01）.The patients aged 50-60 years old accounted for 32.43%. The occupational distribution showed that famers and migrant workers accounted for 54%（20/37）. There were 2 family events in 2014,and no obvious epidemic outbreak was observed in other years.89%（33/37）of cases were confirmed by provincial medical institutions,and durations from onset to hospital visiting and onset to diagnosis was 14 days and 31 days respectively. 73%（27/37） of cases had exposure history to cattle,sheep or pig,and 59.46%（22/37）had no protection measures when they were exposed to livestock. [Conclusion] It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education,carry out the regular health examination among workers,and improve self protection consciousness,to control brucellosis.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2015年第17期2363-2365,2368,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
布鲁菌病
流行特征
发病率
Brucellosis
Epidemiological characteristics
Incidence rate
