摘要
自传记忆的功能研究主要来自临床、人格和认知三大领域,它们在研究对象、术语、方法和结果等方面存在诸多差异。临床领域多以老年人为中心,研究的是忆旧的功能,主要从临床经验中进行理论归纳,提出了回忆的许多具体功能,一般通过RFS来测量,其洞见为实验研究提供了丰富的启示。人格领域关注叙事在人格的毕生成长中的作用,尤其是在同一性发展中的核心地位,以叙事连贯性为重要指标,发展了多种测评工具。认知领域侧重于自传记忆基本功能的分类和机制,提出了具有统摄力的功能分类,还提出了各种认知模型,为更深入理解自传记忆功能发挥的机制提供了理论框架。尽管有上述区别,但三个领域在研究和应用领域的整合已是大势所趋。最后从实验范式、生态效度、毕生与跨文化视角、整合思路及测量方法上对未来研究进行了展望。
The functional researches of autobiographical memory have been developed mainly in clinical, personality, and cognitive psychology. These researches are different from each other in their research subjects, terminology, methodology, and results. The clinical researchers concern and abstract many special functions of reminiscence of the elderly via clinical observation and administrations of Reminiscence Functions Scale. The personality psychology concerns the role of narrative in personality growth, especially the role of which in identity development, with the Coherence as an important indicator measured by various measures. Cognitive psychology emphasizes the basic functional categories and fundamental processing mechanisms of autobiographical memory. With its theoretical framework and cognitive models, researches of autobiographical memory may give us some deeper enlightenment for integration of autobiographical memory functional researches from different domains. Prospects on the experimental approach, ecological validity, life-span and cross-cultural perspective, measurement, and integration approaches are also provided.
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期1732-1745,共14页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
广州大学引进人才科研启动项目(DJZ13-2001)
河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目(2013-14)
河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2013BJY031)
河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队(2015-CXTD-06)
河南师范大学2011年科研启动课题(11163)
关键词
忆旧
叙事
自传记忆
功能研究
reminiscence
narrative
autobiographical memory
functional research
