摘要
目的：分析2012～2014年我院4种常见革兰阴性菌的分布特点及耐药情况，为临床用药提供依据。方法收集2012年1月～2014年12月临床标本中分离出的4种常见革兰阴性菌，采用VITEK-2 Compact微生物分析系统进行菌株鉴定及药敏试验。结果2012～2014年临床分离的4种革兰阴性菌共3675株，分别是大肠埃希菌（31.5%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（24.8%）、铜绿假单胞菌（22.0%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（21.6%）。大肠埃希菌的检出率有逐年增高的趋势，铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌呈逐年降低的趋势,而鲍曼不动杆菌3年间差异不大。大肠埃希菌ESBLs菌株检出率远高于肺炎克雷伯菌，3年间ESBLs检出率有起伏，总体2014年检出率均有降低。对大部分抗菌药物的耐药率，大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌有逐年下降的趋势，而鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌有逐年上升的趋势。结论鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药率仍在增长，大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南的耐药率逐年上升，铜绿假单胞菌对氨曲南耐药率也有增加的趋势。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of four common gram negative bacteria during 2012～2014 and to provide guidance for clinical treatment. Methods Used VITEK-2 Compact system to identify bacteria and test the drug sensitivity. Results The total of four bacterium separated from clinic specimens were 3 675 strains during 2012～2014, they were E. coli （31.5%）, A. baumannii （24.8%）, P. aeruginosa （22.0%）, K. pneumoniae （21.6%）. Strains for E. coli increased year by year, strains for P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae reduced year by year, but there was no significant differ-ence for A. baumannii in 3 years, ESBLs positive rate for E. coli was far higher than K. pneumoniae, ESBLs positive rate changed in 3 years, the overall positive rate was low in 2014. Drug resistance to most antimicrobial agents for E. coli and P. aeruginosa had a downward trend year by year, but for A. baumannii and P. klebsiella had a tendency to rise year by year. Conclusion Drug resistance for A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae is still growing , drug resistance rate to imipenem for E. coli increases year by year, drug resistance to aztreonam for P. aeruginosa also has a tendency to increase.
出处
《中国现代医药杂志》
2015年第9期29-31,共3页
Modern Medicine Journal of China
