摘要
为了找出高温高湿作业环境下人员劳动强度对生理、心理指标的影响规律,在实验室建立了高温高湿环境模拟体系。试验人员选择年龄相近、身体状况相仿的50名在校大学生,设定了微风(风速小于1.5 m/s)及湿球黑球温度(WBGT)为26℃、33℃、35℃、38℃以上4种环境条件,试验人员按事先规定的运动方式从事极重体力劳动和重体力劳动负荷训练,实时监测人员心率和评价主观疲劳程度,计算人员心血管负荷(CVL)和主观疲劳程度,对数据进行相关性分析,并绘制不同劳动负荷、不同环境温度下的柱状趋势图。结果表明,在同等劳动负荷下,人员心血管负荷和主观疲劳程度与环境温度(WBGT)存在正相关性。根据人员心血管负荷预警级别,提出当作业环境温度(WBGT)达到35℃及以上时,应立即停止人员重体力和极重体力劳动负荷作业。根据试验结果,结合现场实际,提出从事高温高湿作业的人员,应合理安排劳动和作息,加强水盐及营养的补充,加强个体健康监护。
The paper is aimed at introducing its experimental study results of the heavy-duty working conditions and intensified fatigue degree for the workmen in hoping to find the particular needs in such physiological and psychological environment. For this purpose,we have illustrated the temperature,humidity and wind speed environmental parameters likely-to-be experienced by them and the individual working load grade based on the personal labor charge standard. Both of them can be gained by setting up a hot and humid environment model for the simulated system in the laboratory condition. And, then, we have chosen 50 college students of the similar age groups and similar physical conditions as the testing subjects with the purpose to test their physiological and psychological response changes under the said corresponding environmental parameters. In doing so,we have set up four kinds of environment（ WBGT 26 ℃,WBGT 33 ℃,WBGT 35 ℃,WBGT 38 ℃ ＋） with a wet-black bulb thermometer in the laboratory when the wind speed is less than 1. 5 m / s. Thus,we have worked out the cardio vascular load（ CVL） of the subjects andtheir subjective fatigue grades through real-time monitoring of their heart-beat response rate and examination of their subjective fatigue grades when they are working or staying under such working on-loads. The data correlation has thus been analyzed by the statistics over the two columns of trendy response diagram indexes under the different working loads due to the variety of temperature and humidity. As a result,the cardio vascular load（ CVL） and the subjective fatigue grades have been found positively correlated with the aforementioned variety of the environmental temperature and humidity. What is more,the warning grades of the subjects＇ CVL help to demonstrate that it is necessary to stop working immediately under the heavy and extremely heavy working loads on the condition when the WBGT is over 35 ℃. Furthermore,the experimental study results and the actual corresponding working cond
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期176-180,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
北京市科学技术研究院扶持项目(PXM2014-178304-000002-00130228)
中央高校基本科研业务基金项目(3142014011)
关键词
安全管理工程
高温作业
心率
心血管负荷
疲劳
safety control
work in hot and humid environment
heart rate
cardio vascular load
fatigue strength
