摘要
在铸型尼龙工艺基础上,蒙脱土为4 phr的情况下,通过3种不同工艺对蒙脱土己内酰胺水溶液进行脱水处理,进而使己内酰胺原位插层蒙脱土,原位阴离子开环聚合制备铸型尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。利用差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和力学性能测试研究了其结构与性能。结果表明,3种脱水工艺中,以先冷冻再室温脱水,而后再加催化剂(碱)和助催化剂(异氰酸酯)阴离子开环聚合制备的复合材料性能最优。其基体中的蒙脱土分散最均匀,均匀分散的蒙脱土有利于铸型尼龙晶体的异相成核,能促进α晶型和γ晶型的形成,使结晶温度和结晶度得到提高。从而使复合材料的弯曲强度和模量分别提高至98.3 MPa和3581 MPa,压缩强度和模量分别提高至139 MPa和2954 MPa,而且低温冲击强度没有降低反而与室温冲击强度基本相当,为2.2 k J/m2,更为显著的是其热变形温度均值达到135℃。
On the basis of cast nylon 6 process,with four phr montmorillonite,using three different dehydration treatment processes for water-swellable montmorillonite,and caprolactam was intercalated into montmorillonite layers,thus cast nylon 6 / montmorillonite nano-composites were prepared by in situ anionic ring-opening polymerization. By differential scanning calorimetry（ DSC）,X-ray diffraction（ XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（ SEM） and mechanical testing,its structure and properties were studied. The results show that one of three dehydration process in which first freezing and then melting at room temperature,optimal performance composites were prepared. The montmorillonite is dispersed uniformly in this matrix. The evenly dispersed montmorillonite is conducive to heterogeneous nucleation of casting nylon and then promotes formation of α and γ crystalline polymorph,crystallization temperature and the crystallinity are improved. The bending strength and modulus of the composites are increased to 98. 3 MPa and 3581 MPa respectively,compressive strength and modulus are increased to 139 MPa and 2954 MPa respectively,and low temperature impact strength does not reduce co mpared with the impact strength at room temperature which substantially stays at 2. 2k J / m2. The thermal deformation temperature of nano-composites outstandingly reaches 135 ℃.
出处
《高分子材料科学与工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期150-155,共6页
Polymer Materials Science & Engineering
关键词
铸型尼龙
蒙脱土
脱水工艺
monomer cast nylon 6
montmorillonite
dehydration process
