摘要
目的了解海口市2012—2014年蟑螂种群构成、季节消长及不同生态环境蟑螂密度,为蟑螂防制提供科学依据。方法采用粘捕法分别在居民区、宾馆、餐饮店、农贸市场和医院等不同环境中进行蟑螂种群、密度及季节消长调查,收集整理2012—2014年调查结果进行种群构成比、季节消长和不同监测环境密度和侵害率的统计学分析。结果 2012—2014年捕获蟑螂隶属2科3属4种,分别为德国小蠊、美洲大蠊、澳洲大蠊、斑蠊,其中德国小蠊为优势种群,占74.10%;平均蟑螂密度0.72只/张,从季节消长曲线来看,基本呈双峰型,4—6月出现第一次高峰,10—11月出现第二次小高峰。不同监测生境中,2012和2013年分别是宾馆和农贸市场蟑螂密度最高,分别为1.80只/张和0.74只/张,2014年餐饮环境密度最高,达1.98只/张。不同环境的蟑螂密度比较有统计学差异(P=0.035)。结论海口市有较好的蟑螂生态环境,优势种群是德国小蠊,农贸市场和餐饮环境是关键控制场所,4—11月是控制蟑螂的重要时间段。
Objective To understand the population composition, seasonal fluctuation and population density of cockroaches in different environments of Haikou from 2012 to 2014, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of cockroaches. Methods The sticky trap method was used to survey the population composition, density and seasonal fluctuation of cockroaches in residential area, hospitals, hotels, farmyards and livestock sheds, and the surveillance data during 2012-2014 were statistically analyzed. Results From 2012 to 2014, 4 species of cockroaches of 3 genus belonging to 2 families were captured including Blattella germanica, Periplaneta Americana, Periplaneta australaslae and Spot americana with the overall average density of 0.72. B1attella germaniea was the dominant species, accounted for 74.10% ; The annual density peak of cockroaches was bimodal , exhibiting the first peak in April - June and the other peak in October-November. The density of cockroaches was highest in restaurants（1.98） in 2014 and in farm- markets （0.74） in 2013 .The differences of densities in the five environments were statistically significant （P=0.035）. Conclusion The environment of Haikou city is suitable for cockroaches breeding and the dominant species of cockroaches was Blattella germanica.Restaurants sheds and the farm-markets were the main sites for controlling cockroaches and the key period of eradication of cockroaches was from April to November.
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2015年第8期1014-1016,共3页
China Tropical Medicine
关键词
蟑螂
种群构成
季节消长
监测
Cockroaches
Population composition
Seasonal fluctuation
Surveillance
