摘要
目的通过借鉴日本老龄化社会下护士实施患者教育的经验,为我国老龄化到来后患者教育的有效实施提供参考。方法采取问卷调查、现场观察及与护士交流访谈相结合的形式,对日本埼玉县4所医院761名护士实施患者教育行为进行调查。结果问卷结果显示4个维度得分由高到低依次为患者支持系统、健康教育效果评价、患者信息评估、健康教育行为,条目得分在3分以上的有19条;现场观察及交流访谈结果显示,护士认为患者教育十分重要,并能营造轻松的氛围进行交流教育,不仅为患者提供知识与技能,更注重鼓励患者去发掘自身潜力。结论护士将"以健康为中心"的护理理念具体细化到患者教育中,教育的行为符合老年人的身心特点,体现护理的人文价值观,使患者感到亲切、温暖,提高了教育效果。
Objective To explore nurses＇ experience of patient education in aging Japan, and to provide reference for patient education for aging population in China. Methods Totally 761 nurses＇ cognition towards to patient education in four hospitals in Saitama of Ja pan were investigated using questionnaire survey, on-site observation and interviews. Results The results of the questionnaire survey showed that the score of support system for patients was the highest, followed by the effect evaluation of education, patient infor marion assessment and patient education practice;there were 19 items scoring above 3. The on-site observation and interviews with nurses showed that nurses attached great importance to patient education, and they tried their best to create a relaxed atmosphere to communicate with patients. Moreover, they not only provided patients with the knowledge and skills, but also paid more attention to patients＇ potential strength. Conelusion Patient education for aging population by nurses working on the health -centered philosophy is quite effective by conforming to the old people＇s physical and mental characteristics and embodying the humanistic values Of care.
关键词
日本
护士
患者教育
认知
行为
效果评价
Japan
nurses
patient education
cognition
behaviors
effect evaluation
