摘要
为探讨不同类型高产水稻水氮高效利用特性,以大穗型杂交粳稻甬优8号和穗粒兼顾型常规粳稻苏10-100为材料,通过实地氮肥管理技术和全生育期轻干湿交替灌溉技术联合运用(T1),研究其对水稻籽粒结实和主要品质性状的影响。与常规水肥管理(T0)相比,T1处理降低了有效穗数,但显著或极显著地提高了每穗粒数、结实率、充实度和千粒重,苏10-100和甬优8号分别增加了6.21%、1.68%,3.30%、9.06%和2.53%、13.63%、8.10%、10.35%。T1处理对糙米率、精米率、整精米率的影响品种间无显著差异;但显著降低了稻米垩白粒率和垩白度,改善了外观品质;降低了稻米直链淀粉含量和粗蛋白含量,增加了胶稠度,改善了2个水稻品种的蒸煮食味品质;同时增加了稻米最高黏度、热浆粘度、崩解值和最终黏度,降低了消减值和糊化温度。
In order to investigate the characteristics of water and nitrogen efficient utilization of rice with different types of rice production, using Yongyou 8 and Su10-100 as material. This study aimed at grain setting traits and quality of two types of japonica rice under the site-specific nitrogen management and the whole growth period of moderate dry wet alternate irrigation technology（T1）.Compared with the conventional water and fertilizer management（T0）, the effective panicles of T1 treatment were decreased, but the grains per spike, seed setting rate, grain plumpness and 1 000-grain weight were increased, the Su10-100 and Yongyou 8 were increased by 6.21%, 1.68%, 3.30%, 9.06% and 2.53%, 13.63%, 8.10%, 10.35%. The results showed that there was no significant difference between T1 and T0 on brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate; but there was significantly difference between T1 and T0 on chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree. T1 treatment could reduce the amylose content, crude protein content, setback viscosity and gelatinization temperature, increase the gel consistency, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, final viscosity and breakdown viscosity.
出处
《中国稻米》
北大核心
2015年第4期44-48,共5页
China Rice
基金
国家自然科学基金(31171490)
江苏省农业三新工程项目(SCGC[2014]075)
江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室开放课题(K13013)
关键词
水稻
实地氮肥管理技术
轻干湿交替灌溉
籽粒结实
稻米品质
rice
site-specific nitrogen management
alternate wetting and drying irrigation
seed setting
grain quality
