摘要
目的分析手足口病的流行病学特征及临床预防情况。方法选择2012年1月与至2013年12月在我院接受治疗的手足口病患儿254例作为研究对象。以2012年12月31日为临界点,此时间之前的患者纳入2012年组,共158例,此时间之后（实施严格的预防措施）的患者纳入2013年组,共96例。对比不同时间组各季度的预防效果、手足口病的发病年龄分布情况以及手足口病的临床表现。结果采取预防措施后,2013年组的手足口病在各季度的发病例数均少于2012年组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组各年龄段均有手足口患儿,但均主要分布在1-4岁,其中2013年组的1岁、2岁等年龄段的患儿手足口病发病率明显低于2012年组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同时间组手足口病患儿在症状和程度等方面比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;2012年组的致病病毒主要为Cox A,而2013年组的致病病毒主要为EV71,占比81.3%,显著高于2012年组的31.0%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论手足口病主要在1-5岁婴幼儿群体中发病,近年来致病病毒已趋向为EV71,做好手足口病的预防措施,可以较好地降低发病率,效果明显,值得重视。
Objective To study and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical prevention of hand, foot and mouth disease（HFMD）. Methods A total of 254 children with HFMD treated in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 were selected as study objects. Taking December 31, 2012 as the critical point, patients before this time point were enrolled as the 2012 group（158 cases）, and the patients after this time point（with implementation of strict preventive measures） were included in the 2013 group（96 cases）. Preventive effect, onset age distribution, clinical manifestations were compared between the two groups in different seasons. Results After taking preventive measures, the cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in the each seasons in 2013 group were significantly less than those in 2012 group（P〈0.05）. The two groups showed HFMD in all age groups, mainly distributed in 1-4 years old. In the 1-year, 2-year old children in 2013 group, the incidence of HFMD was significantly lower than that in 2012group（P〈0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in disease symptoms and the degree of disease between the 2012 group and 2013 group（P〉0.05）. In 2012 group, pathogenic virus was mainly Cox A, and in 2013 group the pathogenic virus was mainly EV71（81.3% in 2013 group vs 31.0% in 2012 group, P〈0.05）. Conclusion HFMD mainly occurs in 1-5-year old children, and the pathogenic virus are mainly EV71 in recent years. Taking prevention measures can reduce the incidence of HFMD, which is worthy of promotion.
出处
《海南医学》
CAS
2015年第13期1984-1986,共3页
Hainan Medical Journal
基金
江门市科技计划项目(编号:[2014]72-21)
关键词
手足口病
流行病学特征
临床预防
Hand
foot and mouth disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Clinical prevention
