摘要
言语构建层面上,言语发出者只有语义统一、指代一致,言语接收者才能运用认知语义推理获得最佳语境效果。现实言语交谈中,不假思索、脱口而出的预制语块往往会出现语义缺失现象,汉语预制语块的语义缺失主要表现为本义缺失、指代违背和过度概括。然而言语发出者无意识的语义缺失不仅不会构致言语交谈障碍,反而能使言语交谈更加自然顺畅,言语接收者则在语境效应的激活下,心照不宣、心领神会。究其原因,一是预制语块的属性特征所决定;二是省力原则和成语原则的杠杆作用。
In language construction, the addressee can have access to the contextual meaning of the speech based on cognitive in- ference only when the adresser follows semantic and referential agreements. In reality, semantic absence of Chinese prefabricated chunks frequently occurs, including literal absence, referential disagreement and over - generalization, which is not the obstacle to lan- guage communication, on the contrary, makes it go smoothly. Two reasons contribute to the above phenomenon, one is the features of prefabricated chunks, and the other is leverage effects of least effort principle and idiom principle.
出处
《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2015年第7期104-106,共3页
Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)
关键词
预制语块
本义缺失
指称违背
过度概括
省力原则
成语原则
Chinese prefabricated chunks
literal absence
referential disagreement
over - generalization
least effort principle
idiom principle
