摘要
目的：研究成人心胸外科术后拍背的方法学,包括技巧、频率和时机选择,防止术后肺不张和肺部感染,以指导临床护理。方法选择80例心胸外科手术患者,采用计算机产生随机数法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。观察组采用拍背法,对照组采用拍背法联合气管按压法。比较两组患者术后生命体征、影像学发现和患者及家属满意率。结果术后第3天观察组需要吸痰管吸痰（5.42±3.12）次,对照组为（6.36±6.02）次,两组比较差异无统计学意义（t=1.02,P〉0.05）。术后2周观察组患者氧分压、二氧化碳分压分别为（77.04±8.25）,（30.32±6.05）mmHg,对照组分别为（75.89±7.33）,（32.41±7.35）mmHg,两组比较差异无统计学意义（t值分别为43.801,12.386；P〉0.05）。家属观察后评价患者在进行护理排痰过程中的VAS评分,观察组为（4.82±2.21）分,对照组为（6.52±1.34）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=4.233,P〈0.05）。结论注重拍背的方法学,如技巧、频率和时机选择可获得与联合气管按压法相同效果,单纯拍背法排痰患者及家属的感觉更舒适,建议临床推广使用。
Objective To investigate the methodology, including the technology, frequency and time of knocking back, in order to prevent the pulmonary atelectasis and pulmonary infection of adult patients after thoracic surgery. Methods A total of 80 inpatients were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 40 cases in each group. The observation group was given the method of knocking back, and the control group was given the method of knocking back combined with tracheal compression. The vital sign, imaging findings, patients and the patients′family satisfaction were compared between groups. Results At the third day after surgery, the times of sputum suction was （5. 42 ± 3. 12） in the observation group, and （6. 36 ± 6. 02） in the control group. There was no significant difference between groups （t=1. 02,P〉0. 05）. 2 weeks after surgery, the PaO2 and PaCO2 of the observation group were （77. 04 ± 8. 25） and （30. 32 ± 6. 05） mmHg, and the PaO2 and PaCO2 of the control group were （75. 89 ± 7. 33） and （32. 41 ± 7. 35） mmHg. There was no significant differences between groups （t=43. 801, 12. 386, respectively;P〉0. 05）. The VAS scores of the observation group and of the control group were （4. 82 ± 2. 21） and （6. 52 ± 1. 34）, which were significantly different （t=4. 233,P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Pay attention to the methodology about technology, frequency and time of knocking back can get the same effective sputum excretion comparing to that combined with tracheal compression. Knocking back is more comfortable, so it is worthy of the clinical promotion.
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2015年第17期2091-2094,共4页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
基金
2013年郑州市科技局科研计划项目（131PPTGG409-22）
关键词
护理方法学研究
胸外科手术
成人
拍背
气管按压法
Nursing methodology research
Thoracic surgery,adult
Knocking back
Tracheal compression
