摘要
美国儿童博物馆教育是儿童教育的第二课堂,是美国幼儿园教育的重要补充。美国儿童博物馆在发展中经历了学校教育的藏品中心、独立的非正式教育机构、社区教育服务中心、公众教育服务中心四种教育角色的演变,其变化表现为:观众由"小大人"式儿童到儿童共同体,资源由单一化到多元化,展览方式由灌输式到自由探索式。美国儿童博物馆的教育角色演变历程对我国幼儿园园本课程建设的启示为:以儿童共同体作为服务对象,活动开发方式以留白式游戏为主,建立以儿童为中心的多元共享资源网,建立以幼儿为中心、教师、家长和社区四位一体的课程研发团队。
The children＇s museums in the United States,as the second classroom,have become a supplement to preschool education. The children＇s museums in the United States have changed their roles from a collection center of school education, an independent informal educa- tion agency, service center for commtmity education to a service center of public education. These changes show that the visitors have changed from aduh-like children to children community; the unitary resources also have developed to diversified resources; museum exhibitions have turned from spoon-feed style to free-exploring style. The changes of the roles of museums in the United States shed enlightenments on the kin- dergarten-based curriculum development： firstly, the curriculum development is a process of servicing children community; secondly, activities should leave space for imagination; thirdly, a child-centered diversified resource sharing network should be established; fourthly, teachers should commit to establish a child-centered course development team with children, teachers, parents and community being included.
出处
《教育与教学研究》
2015年第7期118-121,共4页
Education and Teaching Research
基金
湖南省博物馆新馆儿童教育合作项目"湖南省博物馆儿童分馆的理论建构与实践"(编号:201311231)
关键词
学前教育
美国儿童博物馆
教育角色
园本课程
preschool education
the children＇s museums in the United States
education roles
kindergarten-based curriculum
