摘要
目的探讨极低碳水化合物饮食对单纯性肥胖患者体态、功能及人体成分的影响，寻找短期减重及改善肥胖患者机能状态的饮食方式。方法35例自愿参加本研究的超重及肥胖患者作为研究对象，其中男性10例，女性25例，平均年龄（43±10）岁，集中3个月时间给予极低碳水化合物饮食（VLCD）干预及每天中等强度运动量锻炼30min，分别于干预前、干预1和3个月后测量身高、体质量等形态指标和血压、心率、血脂水平等功能指标，行人体成分分析。所得数据结果采用重复测量的方差分析或者非参数检验进行统计分析。结果VLCD干预3个月后的形态指标与干预前比较，男、女体质量分别下降了17．2和5．9kg（F值分别为11．65、5．28，均P〈0．05）；腰围分别下降了15．1和4．5cm（F值分别为8．36、3．73，均P〈0．05），BMI分别下降了4．3和3．4kg／cm^2（F值分别为9．28、12．06，均P〈0．05），腰臀比都减少了0．1（F值分别为3．23、19．43，均P〈0．05）。功能指标中，干预1和3个月与干预前比较，收缩压分别下降了12．2和9．2mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa，F=4．21，P=0．017）；TG水平分别下降了0．25和0．42mmol／L（F=6．21，P=0．000）；空腹血糖分别下降了0．13和0．43mmol／L（F=4．79，P=0．002）。患者脂肪肝比例从69％（24／35）降到49％（17／35），再到6％（2／32），差异有统计学意义（X^2=27．53，P=0．000）。体成分分析显示，干预1和3个月，体脂肪分别减少了3．9和8．4k，内脏脂肪分别减少了12．8和26．8cm^2，基础代谢率与正常范围下限值之差逐渐缩小分别为48．9和132．4cal。干预过程中有3例因为饮食未能坚持而脱落。结论VLCD对肥胖患者可有效地控制体质量，并显著改善体态及功能紊乱状态。同时，对于饮食以面食为主的人群是一个挑战。
Objective To assess the effects of very-low-carbohydrate diet （VLCD） on body function and body composition in obese or overweight subjects. Methods Thirty five overweight or obese subjects were enrolled in the study, including 10 males and 25 females with a mean age of （43 ±10 ） years. All subjects received VLCD intervention and 30 min moderate-intensity exercise daily for 3 months. The height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, blood lipids and body composition were measured before and l, 3 months after intervention. ANOVA or nonparametric test was used for statistical analysis. Results After 3-month intervention, compared to baseline, the average body weight was decreased by 17.2 and 5.9 kg, waist circumference was decreased by 15. 1 and 4. 5 cm, BMI index decreased by 4. 3 and 3.4 kg/cm：, waist to hip ratio was decreased by 0. 1 and 0. 1, for males and females, respectively （ F = 11.65 and 5.28, 8.36 and 3.73, 9.28 and 12.06, 3.32 and 19.43, all P 〈0.05）. Compared with the baseline, the systolic pressure was decreased by 12. 2 and 9.2 mmHg（ 1 mmHg = 0. 133 kPa） , triglycerides were decreased by 0. 25 and 0. 42 retool/L, fasting blood glucose was decreased by 0. 13 and 0.43 mmol/L after 1 month and 3 months of intervention, respectively. The proportion of patients with fatty liver was decreased from 69% （24/35） at baseline to 49% （ 17/35 ） at 1 month after intervention and further to 6% （2/32） at 3 months after intervention （ X2 = 27.52, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The results indicate thatVLCD can effectively control the body weight, and significantly improve the state of body function disorder.
出处
《中华全科医师杂志》
2015年第7期527-530,共4页
Chinese Journal of General Practitioners
关键词
肥胖
低碳水化合物
血糖
脂肪肝
Obesity
Low carbohydrate diet
Blood glucose
Fatty liver
