摘要
含油气盆地油气远距离(>100 km)运移成藏是一种重要的石油地质现象,改变了关于油气运聚通常需要近源的传统认识,故虽然比较少见、实例不多、研究较少,但对于拓展勘探领域却具有重要意义。因此为给勘探应用和基础理论研究提供参考,总结了这一比较少见且有些特殊油气地质现象的基本特征,重点是成藏模式与主控因素,并评述了有待深化的科学问题。结果表明,主要依据通道,可将成藏模式归纳为输导层—不整合和输导层—断层—不整合成藏两种;成藏主控因素有多个,包括古隆起或斜坡稳定发育作为背景、油气源充足作为基础、输导通道优质作为条件、保存良好作为关键;因此具体到某一含油气盆地,若存在这些有利成藏条件,即便是距离源区较远的圈闭,也不是勘探禁区,可以形成商业性油气藏;下步工作中有待深化的研究内容包括油气源对比与油气远距离运聚的确认、断裂和不整合的作用、原生和次生成藏、运聚动力等。油气的远距离运移成藏值得加以更多的勘探和研究重视。
Long-distance（ 〉100km） hydrocarbon migration and accumulation is an important type of petroleum geological phenomenon,which has changed the traditional thought that hydrocarbon accumulation is often source-controlled and thus can only be sited near the source areas. It expands the petroleum exploration areas,but such cases are rare,implying the complexity of this phenomenon. To better understand this phenomenon,here we conduct a review on the basic features of this special petroleum geological phenomenon,with the focus on the accumulation model and main controls,and suggest the scientific issues which need to be further studied. The results show that the long-distance hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model can be classified to two main types in terms of conduits,including carrier bed—unconformity and carrier bed—fault—unconformity. The longdistance hydrocarbon migration and accumulation needs several necessary fundamental conditions and is controlled by many factors,e. g.,a steady development of paleo-uplift or slope being the background,a sufficient petroleum source being the foundation,a high-quality migration pathway network being the condition,and a good preservation being the key. If a petroliferous basin has these necessary conditions,long-distance hydrocarbon migration and accumulation can take place,and favorable traps even with relatively long distance from the source kitchens can not be neglected with the possibility of forming commercial accumulations. The scientific issues to be solved include the application of oil-source correlation in verifying the migration distance and the identification of long-distance,the impacts of fault,the primary and secondary hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,and the migration driving force. The long-distance hydrocarbon migration and accumulation deserves enough exploration and research attention.
出处
《地质论评》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期621-633,共13页
Geological Review
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号41322017
41472100)的成果
关键词
油气运聚
成藏模式
输导体系
油藏地球化学
准噶尔盆地
hydrocarbon migration and accumulation
hydrocarbon accumulation model
network of hydrocarbon migration pathways
reservoir geochemistry
Junggar Basin
