摘要
目的 了解大连市某高校入学新生对结核病防治知识知晓情况及相关的行为和态度,为大学生结核病防治健康教育提供科学依据.方法 2014年10月对4194名入学新生进行问卷调查.根据《结核病防治核心信息（2010版）》设计调查表,主要内容包括学生的基本情况、肺结核防治知识7条核心信息、相关态度、相关行为、获取结核病知识的途径等.本研究共发放调查问卷3819份,收回有效问卷3662份.应用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计学分析,组间率的比较采用卡方检验,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 新生对结核病防治知识总知晓率为77.1％（19 757/25 634）.不同性别知晓率比较,女性[78.2％（11 283/14 436）]高于男性[75.7％（8474/11 198）],差异有统计学意义（χ2=22.030,P＜0.05）;不同户籍来源的学生知晓率比较,城镇[77.2％（11 701/15 154）]高于农村[76.9％（8056/10 480）],差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.414,P＞0.05）;不同文化程度知晓率的比较,父母为高中及以上学历的学生结核病知识总知晓率[77.2％（10 603/13 727）]虽然高于父母学历为高中以下学生结核病知识总知晓率[76.9％（9153/11 907）],但差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.475,P＞0.05）.通过校园健康促进途径获取结核病防治知识者占52.9％（1939/3662）.“每天保持开窗通风”、“将肺结核知识主动介绍给家人、朋友”、“饮食规律,保证营养摄入”行为的知晓率较高,分别为95.7％（3506/3662）、78.1％（2861/3662）、86.5％（3166/3662）.结论 入学新生结核病总知晓率普遍较低,在结核病防治机构与学校的联防、联动机制下,推进结核病健康促进工作,是提高结核病防治知识知晓率的主要途径.
Objective To understand the knowledge, behavior and attitude of the freshmen on tuberculosis （TB） prevention and control in a college of Dalian, and to provide scientific basis for health education on TB preven- tion and control in college students in Dalian. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted in 4194 freshmen in October 2014. The questionnaire was designed according to the Core Information of TB Prevention and Control （2010 edition）, which included the basic situation of students, 7 core information of TB prevention and control, attitude, behavior and the ways to gain TB knowledge. A total of 3819 questionnaires were distributed and 3662 effective questionnaires were taken back. SPSS 17. 0 was used to analyze, chi-square test was applied for comparison between groups. P〈0.05 was statistically significant. Results The overall awareness rate of TB prevention and control was 77.1% （19 757/25 634）. The awareness rate of male 75.7% （8474/11 198） was significantly less than female 78.2%（11 283/14 436） （χ2=22. 030, P〈0.05）. The awareness rate of students with city residence was 77.2% （11 701/15 154）, which was higher than the rural residence （76.90/00, 8056/10 480）, and there was no statistical significance （χ2=0. 414, P〉0. 05）. The awareness rate of students with parents graduated from high school or above was 77.2% （10 603/13 727）, which was higher than that with high school below, and the difference was not statistically significant （χ2 =0. 475, P〉0.05）. For the ways to get TB prevention and control knowledge, from the campus health promotion activities was 52.9% （1939/3662）. The awareness rates of ＂Keeping ventilated every day＂, ＂Introduce the TB related knowledge to family members and friends actively＂, ＂Eat regular meals, to guaran- tee the nutrition＂ were higher, which were 95.7% （3506/3662）, 78.1% （2861/3662） and 86.5% （3166/3662） re- spectively. Conclusion TB awareness of college freshmen is generally low. By the coopera
出处
《结核病与肺部健康杂志》
2015年第1期28-31,共4页
Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health
关键词
结核/预防和控制
觉知
学生
问卷调查
Tuberculosis/prevention
control
Awareness
Students
Questionnaires
