摘要
以邢东矿副暗斜井坡底段巷道为工程背景,采用数值模拟、井下试验及现场实测等方法,研究高水平构造应力巷道围岩响应特征及控制技术.结果表明:1)随着侧压系数增加,顶底板偏应力峰值线性增长,帮偏应力峰值先增加后恒定,且存在峰值深部转移现象,偏应力峰值增加量由大到小为:顶板(23 MPa),底板(18 MPa),两帮(12.5 MPa),拓展深度由大到小为:顶板(4.8m),底板(4.0m),两帮(1.6m).2)围岩表面位移与侧压系数近似指数增长,表面位移增加量由大到小为:顶板(901mm),两帮(849mm),底板(784mm),主要变形范围由大到小为:两帮(4.4m),顶板(3.0m),底板(2.8m);3)顶板底板破坏深度与侧压系数呈正比例增长,帮部破坏深度变化不大,破坏深度由大到小为:顶板(6.0m),底板(5.6m),两帮(3.0m).深部高水平构造应力巷道失稳机制为:开挖引起高偏应力→岩层剪切错动→膨胀大变形/支护系统损毁,并提出"高强度高预紧力长锚杆+大直径高强锚索+U型钢可缩性支架+壁后注浆"的综合控制方案,阐述了其支护机理.
Numerical modeling and underground monitoring were used to study the response characteristics and control technology of roadways subjected to high horizontal stress using the auxiliary blind inclined shaft of Xingdong mine as the test site. The results show that：l） As the horizontal-to-vertical stress ratio increases, the peak deviatoric stress of the roof and floor increases linearly, while that in the ribs increases first then keeps constant~ the peak deviatorie stress tends to move toward the interior of the surrounding rocks. The increments of peak devi- atoric stress in descending order are： roof （23 MPa）, floor （18 MPa）, and ribs （12.5 MPa）. The depths of expansion in descending order are： roof （4.8 m）, floor （4 m）, and ribs （1.6 m）. 2） The surface displacement of rocks surrounding the roadway increases exponentially with the increasing in the horizontal-to-vertical stress ratio. The amount of increase in the sur- face in descending order are： ; roof（901 ram）, ribs （849 mm）, and floor（784 mm） ; the zones of major deformation in descending order are; ribs （4. 4 m）, roof（3.0 m）, and floor（2.8 m）. 3） The depth of failure in the roof and floor increases linearly with the increase in the horizon-tal-to-vertical stress ratio, but variation in the failure depth of the ribs is small. The depths of failure in descending order are; roof （6.0 m）, floor（5.6 m）, and ribs（3.0 m）. So the instabili- ty mechanisms of deep roadways subjected to high horizontal stress are; high deviatoric stress induced by roadway excavation → movement due to shear failure in rock strata → large deform- ation of expansion and support damages. Finally, a combined technology ＂high strength high pre-tension long bolt ＋ large diameter high strength cable ＋ yieldable U-steel support ＋ grouting behind the roadway ribs＂ was proposed. Its mechanisms of support control were illus- trated.
出处
《中国矿业大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期466-476,共11页
Journal of China University of Mining & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51234005)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2010YZ02)
关键词
水平构造应力
深井
偏应力
响应特征
支护
horizontal tectonic stress
deep mine
deviatoric stress
response characteristic
supporting
