摘要
利用水稻DUS测试指南（2012版）中的38个水稻标准品种和52个基本测试性状对上海地区的172个粳稻地方品种进行遗传多样性分析,并与14个上海地区选育的申请品种保护的粳稻品种作比较。结果表明：地方品种表型性状共检测到176个等位变异,平均每个测试性状检测到3.6667个,变幅介于1-8个。Shannon＇s多样性指数（H＇）平均值为0.6834,变幅介于0-1.9327,77.08%的性状存在3个及以上的等位变异;地方品种的等位变异数、每个性状的等位变异数及其变异幅度、多样性指数平均值等均大于现代育成品种,在外观形态上,地方品种的遗传多样性比现代育成品种更丰富。利用UPGMA法进行聚类分析发现在相似系数为0.53时,可将186个粳稻品种分为3个类（亚）群,现代育成品种单独组成一个亚群;而主坐标分析将186个粳稻品种明显的分为地方品种和现代育成品种两大区。地方品种具有丰富的多样性,与现代育成品种具有明显的形态差异,可为今后粳稻育成品种的改良提供更多的形态基础。
In this article,38 example varieties and 52 basic characteristics in rice DUS testing guideline were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 172 varieties of japonica rice landraces from shanghai region. 14 modern cultivars from the same region were compared with these landraces for finding their relationship. The result showed that there were totally 176 alleles,3. 6667 alleles per characteristic with range from 1 to 8 in morphological characteristic of landrace. The Shannon＇ s diversity index（ H＇） of landrace was 0. 6834 on average,ranged from 0 to1. 9327. Almost 77. 08 percent of all the characteristics had more than three alleles. The genetic diversity of landrace was higher than the modern cultivars according to comparing their total alleles,alleles per characteristic and H＇ value. All the varieties could be well divided into 3 groups（ subgroups） with one subgroup containing all the modern cultivars at a genetic similarity coefficient of 0. 53 with UPGMA clustering analysis method,and into two distinguished areas with principal coordinates analysis method. Japonica rice landraces from shanghai had rich diversity,with great differences to modern cultivars on these morphological characteristics,which could be well utilized in japonica rice breeding improvement in future.
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期451-459,共9页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2012)第2-1号)
上海市科学技术委员会重点科技攻关项目(11391900400)
关键词
DUS测试
粳稻
地方品种
多样性指数
DUS testing
japonica rice（ Oryza sativa L. ）
landraces
diversity index
