摘要
本文以2008年三聚氰胺事件后我国乳业产业政策调整为轴,从产业链的视角下分析了政策调整下我国乳业的新发展。产业政策调整前,奶牛的家庭式散养模式占据绝对主导,原奶质量难有保障;规模小、卫生条件差、经营不规范的私营奶站广泛存在;乳品市场中下集中寡占型的市场结构,以及不合理的利益分配机制等因素使得乳品质量安全事件频发。当前,在市场机制和产业政策的共同作用下,我国乳业产业链正由分散松散向集约紧凑型过渡。奶牛养殖的规模化、标准化和现代化水平不断提高,家庭散养逐步被区域集中养殖的奶牛养殖小区所取代。奶站数量大幅减少,标准化和现代化程度在不断提高,乳品加工企业市场结构也正逐步由中(下)集中寡占型向更为集约、紧凑型转变。
From the supply chain perspective, this paper analyzed the new development of China＇ s dairy industry under the impacts from the policy adjustment since the melamine incident in 2008. Results show that before the policy adjustment, small family backyards overwhelmingly dominated the raw milk supply section, and raw milk quality was not guaranteed. There were a large number of small, not well managed, and unsanitary milk collecting stations, too. Oligopoly market structure and unreasonable benefit distribution mechanism resulted the frequent milk safety incidents all the time. With the vigorous policy adjustments and marketing system changes, China＇s milk supply chain converted from a scattered, loose chain to an integrated system. Small family backyards were gradually being replaced by dairy complexes, and the levels of standardization and modernization of dairy farms have been improved. The number of milk stations was decreasing with significantly improved facilities and testing capabilities. The market structure of dairy industry was moving from the oligopoly type to a more integrated system.
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期399-406,共8页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-39)
关键词
政策调整
乳业
产业链
规模化
标准化
policy adjustment
dairy industry
supply chain
scaling
standardization
