摘要
完成社会主义国家建构是支配"五四宪法"的核心目标。在此目标的支配下,"五四宪法"的基本权利规范蕴含明确的政治指向和强制色彩,它不仅具有公民权利的属性,而且要配合政治现实的需要。"五四宪法"将革命建国的目标法律化,基本权利规范相应要服从以国家建构为核心的政治过程,发挥对不同群体的价值规训与统一功能。然而,片面强调革命建国的政治目标,则使宪法实践出现畸形。当我们走出革命的国家观,国家正当性的依据就要从革命胜利这一历史事实转化成宪法成立这一法律行为。为此要倡导基本权利的主观权利功能,构建个人与国家受宪法和法律支配的新型秩序。
The core objective of the 1954 Chinese Constitution was to construct a so- cialist state. Guided by this objective, the norms defining the fundamental rights of the Chinese citizens in the 1954 Constitution embodied explicit political pursuits and coercive demands of the state. They must not only protect the rights of citizens, but also meet the needs the politic reality at that time. The 1954 Constitution legalized the construction of the state through revolu- tion. As a result, norms of fundamental rights, dominated by the political process and with state building as its core, played an essential role in regulating and unifying values of different social groups. However, over-emphasizing the political objective of state building through revolution had distorted constitutional practice. After abandoning the revolutionary view of the state, China must base the legitimacy of the state on the legal act of adoption of the Constitution, rather than on the historical fact of the victory of revolutionary. To this end, it is necessary to advocate the subjective rights function of fundamental rights, so as to establish a new order under which both citizens and the state will be governed by the constitution and the law.
出处
《环球法律评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第2期24-42,共19页
Global Law Review
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"我国宪法第51条的内涵与效力研究"(批准号13YJC820098)的阶段性成果
