摘要
目的分析血液透析患者呼吸道感染的危险因素,探讨预防与控制呼吸道感染的护理对策。方法回顾性分析2009年1月-2013年4月收治的391例血液透析患者临床资料,采用logistic回归分析呼吸道感染相关危险因素,数据采用SPSS16.0软件进行统计分析。结果 391例血液透析患者共发生呼吸道感染95例,感染率24.30%;年龄>60岁、透析龄>1年、血红蛋白含量<70g/L、透析间期体质量增长比>5.00%与合并糖尿病的患者感染率,分别为30.55%、30.13%、58.59%、31.03%、57.85%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);logistic回归分析显示,年龄、透析龄、血红蛋白含量、透析期间体质量增长比、合并糖尿病为血液透析患者呼吸道感染的独立危险因素。结论高龄、透析龄长、体质量过度增长、合并贫血、糖尿病是血液透析患者呼吸道感染的高危因素,加强基础疾病治疗的监控力度,增强患者机体免疫能力,配合正确的透析操作是血液透析预防呼吸道感染护理工作的重点。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for respiratory tract infections in the patients undergoing he -modialysis so as to put forward nursing countermeasures for prevention and control of the respiratory tract infec -tions .METHODS The data of 391 patients who underwent hemodialysis from Jan 2009 to Apr 2013 were retrospec-tively analyzed ,the logistic regression analysis was carried out for the related risk factors for the respiratory tract infections ,and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS 16 .0 software .RESULTS Of 391 hemo-dialysis patients ,95 had the respiratory tract infections ,with the infection rate of 24 .30% .The incidence rate of the respiratory tract infections was 30 .55% in the patients aged more than 60 years old ,30 .13% in the patients with the length of dialysis more than 1 year ,58 .59% in the patients with the content of hemoglobin less than 70 g/L ,31 .03% in the patients with the weight gain ratio during the hemodialysis more than 5 .00% ,57 .85% in the patients complicated with diabetic mellitus ,and there was significant difference （P ＆lt; 0 .05） .The logistic regres-sion analysis indicated that the age ,length of dialysis ,content of hemoglobin ,weight gain ratio during the hemo-dialysis ,and complication of diabetic mellitus were the independent risk factors for the respiratory tract infections . CONCLUSION The high risk factors for the respiratory tract infections in the hemodialysis patients include the ad -vanced age ,long-term dialysis ,excessive weight gain ,complication of anemia ,and diabetic mellitus .It is the key to strengthen the surveillance of treatment of the underlying diseases ,enhance the body immunity ,and implement appropriate dialysis operations so as to prevent the respiratory tract infections in the hemodialysis patients .
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1328-1330,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
浙江省中医药科技基金资助项目(2010ZA090)
关键词
血液透析
呼吸道感染
危险因素
护理
Hemodialysis
Respiratory tract infection
Risk factor
Nursing
