摘要
目的 评价大气颗粒物（PM10、PM2.5）短期暴露对儿童哮喘发作住院人数的影响,获取大气颗粒物与儿童哮喘发作的暴露-反应关系.方法 检索PubMed、Ebsco、Ovid、中国生物医学数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库、中国知网和万方数据库等,检索时间均为1990年1月1日至2013年12月31日,以“哮喘”“PM10”“PM25”“空气污染”“颗粒物”及“asthma”“air pollution＆quot; ＆quot;air pollutants”“particulate matter”为关键词查找关于颗粒物短期暴露对儿童哮喘住院人数影响的文献.依据文献纳入和排除标准及制定的评价标准,进行文献筛选和质量评价.纳入文献后分别提取PM10、PM25的暴露-反应关系,采用Revman5.2.11软件进行Meta分析,根据异质性结果选择相应的效应模型分析.结果 大气中PM10浓度每上升10μg/m3,短期内儿童哮喘的住院人数平均上升1.75％,而PM25浓度每上升10 μg/m3,短期内儿童哮喘的住院人数平均上升3.45％;亚组分析中病例交叉研究的暴露-反应关系效应值高于时间序列分析.结论 短期内PM10、PM2.5浓度的上升会导致儿童哮喘住院人数增加,且PM2.5引起的发作风险高于PM10.
Objective To systematically review and assess the relationship between particulate matter （PM10 and PM2.5） and children＆#39;s hospital admissions for asthma,using both time-series and casecrossover analyses.Method The PubMed,Ebsco,Ovid and four Chinese periodical databases were screened for studies related to short-term effects of particulate matter on pediatric asthma hospital admissions published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2013.Sixteen studies on PM10 and 10 studies on PM2.5 were selected finally for meta-analysis.Relative risk （RR） or odds ratio（OR） and 95% confidence intervals （CI） of asthrua hospital admissions per 10 μg/m3 increase of daily particulate matter were obtained from each study.RevMan 5.2.11 was used to test the heterogeneity of the results among the different studies and amalgamat the effect size by fixed or random effect model.Result As the concentration of PM10 increased per 10 μg/m3,the children＆#39;s hospital admissions for asthma increased by 1.75% ; for PM2.5,a 3.45% increase for asthma hospital admissions as the concentration increased per 10.μg/m3.By subgroup analysis based on study design,the effect size on both PM10 and PM2.5 of case-crossover study＆#39;s results were higher than time-series analysis.Conclusion The short-term increase of the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 may led to the increase of Children＆#39;s hospital admissions for asthma,and PM2.5 will present a higher risk contribution.
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期129-135,共7页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
