摘要
随着近年来劳动力成本的快速上涨,中国制造业出现向周边更低成本国家的转移和向发达国家回流的现象。本文利用劳动报酬、劳动生产率和单位劳动成本三个指标,对中国劳动成本优势的变化进行国际比较。研究发现,2003年以来,尽管劳动生产率的快速提高部分抵消了劳动报酬大幅度上涨对单位劳动成本的影响,但中国的劳动成本优势总体上在削弱。中国制造业必须从单纯依靠低劳动力成本获得价格优势转移到新的竞争优势上来。
Chinese manufacture has been showing a tendency to shift to the neighbor countries with lower cost and to return back to the developed countries as China labor cost soared in recent years. Using three indicators including labor compensation, labor productivity and unit labor cost（ULC）, this paper compares the change of China＇s labor cost advantage with other countries, and finds out that China labor cost advantage has been getting weaker and weaker since 2003, although the improvement of labor productivity partly offset the increased costs. The competitive advantage of Chinese manufacture must be changed from low cost into other new factors.
出处
《工业经济论坛》
2015年第1期13-22,共10页
Industrial Economy Review
基金
2014年国家自然科学基金应急项目"全球价值链背景下我国制造业转型升级策略研究"(批准号:71441033)
关键词
制造业
工资
劳动生产率
单位劳动成本
成本优势
manufacturing
compensation
labor productivity
unit labor cost
cost advantage
