摘要
为了揭示不同栽培措施对再生稻产量的影响,阐明超高产栽培模式实现高产的生理原因,采用超高产栽培模式并以常规栽培模式作为对照进行比较试验,研究不同栽培模式下早稻—再生稻头季稻籽粒灌浆特性和ATP酶活性的变化。结果表明,与常规栽培模式相比,超高产栽培模式头季稻强、弱势粒的生长潜势强,灌浆最大生长速率出现的时间早,灌浆速率在整个灌浆期的前、中、后3个阶段均较高,活跃灌浆时间较短,强、弱势粒较早进入灌浆盛期,同时,整个灌浆期头季稻强、弱势粒的Mg2+-ATP和Ca2+-ATP酶活性超高产栽培模式也都较常规栽培模式的高,尤其是在籽粒灌浆的快速增长阶段,超高产栽培模式的明显高于常规栽培模式,因而其头季籽粒灌浆呈现出灌浆起动快、灌浆强度大、灌浆后期"拉力"足的特点,从而有利于有机物质向穗部运输,这是超高产栽培模式头季实现大穗、多穗、粒饱、结实率高的籽粒灌浆特性和生理原因。
Aiming to search for the influence of different cultivation patterns upon the ratooning rice yield andclarify the physiobiochemical mechanism of super high-yield under super high-yield cultivation practice, thispaper studied their grain filling characteristics and ATP enzyme activity of the first rice crop by comparing thetwo cultivation practices： super high- yield cultivation practice and tradition one. The result showed thatcompared with traditional cultivation pattern, superior and inferior grains of the first rice crop under superhigh-yield cultivation pattern had stronger initial grain-filling potential, earlier maximum filling rate, highergrain-filling rate and shorter grain-filling duration. In the period of grain-filling, Mg2 ＋-ATPase and Ca2 ＋-ATPase activities of the first crop＇s superior and inferior grains under super high-yield cultivation patternwere higher than those under traditional cultivation pattern, especially in the phases of rapid raise after tassel.So the grain-filling of the first rice crop under super high-yield cultivation pattern displayed the features ofearlier filling initiation, higher grain-filling intensities and higher pull in the late grain-filling stage, whichcontributed to the transportation of more organic matter to panicles. All these were the reasons inphysiobiochemistry and grain-filling characteristics why the first rice crop under super high-yield cultivationpattern had more panicles per plant, more grains per panicle, more height of grain and higher percentage offilled grains.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2014年第33期31-36,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
福建省生态学重点学科"现代绿色农业技术与分子生态工程"(6112C0600)
福建省自然科学基金项目"再生稻再生芽萌发生长与调控的分子生理机制研究"(2009J01060)
关键词
水稻
产量
灌浆特性
ATP酶活性
Oryza sativa
yield
grain-filling characteristic
ATP enzyme activity
