摘要
世界文化遗产敦煌莫高窟以精美的壁画闻名于世。泥质地仗中添加植物纤维有助于提高地仗强度,但对于改善干缩方面的认识不足。本文利用液体石蜡法测试草泥层地仗和麻泥层地仗的收缩曲线,探讨了不同含量的加筋材料对地仗层收缩性质的影响。收缩曲线表明,当地仗层中加入一种加筋材料时,随着加筋材料含量的增加,地仗层不再发生收缩变形并且含水率(即缩限)不断增大,体缩率不断减小。分析认为,加筋材料增大了土颗粒之间的摩擦阻力,部分抵消了毛细压力,从而限制了土体的干缩变形。这意味着,古人在澄板土中加入加筋材料不仅提高了地仗的强度,而且改善了澄板土的收缩特性,解决了湿地仗的失水收缩问题。
The Mogao Grottoes site at Dunhuang is famous for its wonderful wall paintings. Though natural fabrics added to the plaster can improve its strength, at present, little research has been done to understand the shrinkage properties of adding fabric. In this research, a paraffin oil method was used to measure the soil shrink- age characteristic curve （SSCC） of plasters mixed with different natural fabrics such as wheat, straw, and hemp. The SSCC test results indicate that as long as the type of natural fabric remains unchanged, when the amount of fabric increases the shrinkage limit of the silt soil will gradually increase while the volumetric shrinkage will gradually decrease. As our analysis indicates, the use of natural fabrics has increased the frictional resistance betweenthe fabric and soil particles and partially counteracted the capillary force, thus controlling the shrinkage deformation of the soil. This means that ancient craftsmen knew how to improve the strength and control the shrinkage deformation of murals by adding natural fabrics to the silt soil for making mural plasters.
出处
《敦煌研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期116-123,共8页
Dunhuang Research
基金
秦惠君与李政道中国大学生见习进修基金~~
关键词
壁画
地仗
加筋材料
收缩
wall paintings
plaster
reinforcing fabrics
shrinkage
