摘要
为了掌握气候变暖背景下北京地区倒春寒变化规律,利用1951-2012年北京地区20个气象台站的逐日气温资料,结合北京地区春季气候特点,定义了北京地区倒春寒气候监测指标;从倒春寒发生频率、站次比、年代际变化等方面,分析了北京地区倒春寒的时空演变特征。结果表明,观象台的倒春寒等级序列对于农区和城区来说均有很好的代表性,北京地区倒春寒测站总数存在明显的年际变化;除佛爷顶以外,林区的弱倒春寒频率较高,在40%以上;除佛爷顶和汤河口外,林区强倒春寒频率在10%以上;农区弱倒春寒频率在20%-40%,除石景山以外,农区强倒春寒频率在10%以下。总的来说,北京地区倒春寒频率差异显著,从南向北依次升高,房山倒春寒频率最低,为21%,汤河口最高,为54%;弱倒春寒发生频率空间分布与总的倒春寒发生频率较为相似。
In order to master the characteristics of late spring cold（LSC） in Beijing,the late spring cold intensity index and disaster grade division standard was defined combined with the spring climate characteristics by using daily temperature data from 20 meteorological stations in Beijing. The spatiotemporal characteristics of LSC,including LSC occurrence frequency,ratio of LSC-occurring stations to all stations,decadal variation was analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the time series of LSC of the Beijing Observatory station was representative for agriculture area and city area in Beijing. Results indicated that LSC occurrence frequency had obvious interannual variations under the background of global warming. The occurrence frequency of no LSC was the highest,followed by weak LSC and the strong LSC. Studies showed that the occurring frequency of weak LSC was more than 40% except the Foyeding Observatory station in forest region and that the occurring frequency of strong LSC was more than 10% except the Foyeding and Tanghekou Observatory station in forest region. The occurring frequency of weak LSC was between 20% and 40% and the occurring frequency of strong LSC was under 10% in agricultural area. In general,the occurring frequency rises from the south to the north region in Beijing. Fangshan has the lowest frequency of LSC（21%） and Tanghekou has the highest frequency of LSC（54%）. The spatial distribution characteristics of weak LSC is similar to that of total LSC.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2015年第4期182-185,234,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
公益性(气象)行业科研专项(GYHY201306033)
关键词
倒春寒
春季
气候季节
时空变化
Late spring cold
Spring
Climatic season
Temporal and spatial variation
