摘要
改革开放以来,中国教育事业取得了长足发展,为三十多年的经济高速增长提供了必要的人力资本。但是,随着中国进入中高收入阶段以及人口红利的消失,现有人力资本的积累水平和结构尚不能满足当前产业结构调整和经济转型的需要。鉴于中国普及九年义务教育的任务已基本完成,而且义务教育之后的高中阶段又是中国教育体系中普通教育和职业教育(简称普职教育)分流的开始,所以继续提高中国人力资本水平、调整人力资本结构的政策着力点应该落在高中阶段教育上。一方面,将义务教育延伸至十二年,真正实现高中阶段教育的普及,进一步提高人力资本的整体水平;另一方面,重点发展普通高中教育,加大通用性人才的培养,增强经济转型时期人力资本与产业结构相匹配的能力。
Since China＇s reform and opening up, its education sector has been made great progress, and provided the necessary human capital for the rapid economic growth. However, along with China＇s entering the upper-middle income stage and disappearance of the demographic dividend, the existing accumulation and structure of human capital can no longer match the current industrial structure adjustment and economic transition. For purpose of increasing the level of human capital and optimizing the structure of human capital, the key sector of adjusting education policies is the senior high school, not only because the nineyear compulsory education has been basically popularized, but also because the senior high school is the beginning of education diversion for general education and vocational education. China＇s compulsory education should be extended to 12 years, which can ensure popularizing high school education and improving the overall level of human capital. Moreover, general high school education and general human capital should be further enhanced so as to increase the match between human capital and industry structure in the period of economic transition.
出处
《中国社会科学院研究生院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期130-134,共5页
Journal of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
关键词
高中阶段教育
普职教育
教育政策
经济转型
high school education
general vs. vocational education
education policy
economic transition
