摘要
【目的】确定萨罗罗非鱼精子活力最高时各因子的最佳参数,进一步提高尼罗罗非鱼♀×萨罗罗非鱼♂的受精率。【方法】利用显微镜观察对比不同梯度pH、盐度、离子及葡萄糖溶液中萨罗罗非鱼精子的活力状况,考察指标包括精子快速运动时间、寿命及激活率。【结果】pH 7.5~8.0时,萨罗罗非鱼精子激活率最高,达90%;在pH 7.5的条件下,精子快速运动时间和寿命最长,为66.33±2.25和933.17±25.79 s。在25‰~32‰的盐度范围内,萨罗罗非鱼精子活力较强,其中以30‰的精子活力最高,快速运动时间和寿命分别为63.50±2.35和402.50±7.31 s,激活率达90%。随K+浓度的增加,萨罗罗非鱼精子的快速运动时间、寿命及激活率均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,其中以75 mmol/L的精子活力最高,精子寿命为500.33±8.69 s,激活率为90%。Ca2+对萨罗罗非鱼精子活力有明显抑制作用,其浓度为37.8 mmol/L时精子快速运动时间和寿命最长,分别为38.50±2.43和117.50±3.21 s,精子激活率为80%;而后随Ca2+浓度的增加,精子开始出现聚集现象,活力明显下降,Ca2+浓度增至151.2 mmol/L时,精子已完全失活。相对于K+和Ca2+,葡萄糖可适当延长萨罗罗非鱼精子寿命,其浓度为150 mmol/L时,精子寿命最长,为281.00±5.90 s,激活率达90%。【结论】针对尼罗罗非鱼♀×萨罗罗非鱼♂人工繁殖中受精率低的问题,生产上除了选择优质尼罗罗非鱼卵细胞、优化孵化环境及人工繁殖技术外,还可通过适宜游动介质参数(pH 7.5~8.0、盐度30‰~32‰、75~100 mmol/L K+、37.8 mmol/L Ca2+、100~125mmol/L葡萄糖)激活萨罗罗非鱼精子活力,进而提高其杂交受精率。
【Objective 】The optimum factor parameters for the highest sperm viability of Sarotherodon melanotheron were determined in order to improve fertilization rate of Oreochromis niloticus ♀ ×S. melanotheron ♂. 【Method 】The sperm viability situation of S. melanotheron was observed with microscope under different gradients of pH, salinity,K^＋, Ca^2＋and glucose solutions, by determining the main indices viz., fast moving time, lifespan and activation rate.【Result 】When pH ranged from 7.5 to 8.0, the activation rate of sperm reached to the highest for 90 %. The fast moving time and lifespan reached the longest at pH 7.5, which were 66.33 ±2.25 and 933.17 ±25.79 s, respectively.The sperm viability was relatively stronger when salinity ranged from 25 ‰ to 32‰. The sperm viability reached the highest at salinity of 30‰, and fast moving time and lifespan were 63.50 ±2.35 and 402.50 ±7.31 s, respectively,meanwhile the activation rate was 90%. With the increasing concentration of K^＋, the fast moving time, lifespan, and activation rate of sperm appeared the trend of first increasing then decreasing, especially, at the concentration of 75mmol/L, the sperm viaility reached the highest, sperm activation rate and lifespan reached 90% and 500.33±8.69 s,respectively. Ca^2＋inhibited sperm viability significantly; the activation rate and lifespan was the longest at 37.8 mmol/L Ca^2＋, showing as 38.50 ±2.43 and 117.50 ±3.21 s, respectively, and the activation rate reached 80%. With the increase of Ca^2＋concentration, the sperm began to aggregate gradually, and showed decreasing viability apparently.When Ca^2＋increased to 151.2 mmol/L, the sperm was completely inactivated. Compared with K^＋and Ca^2＋, glucose could effectively extended lifespan of sperm. At the glucose concentration of 150 mmol/L, the lifespan was the longest, which was 281.00±5.90 s, meanwhile the activation rate reached to 90%. 【Conclusion 】Aiming at low fertilization rate in artificial hybridization of Oreochromis ni
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第11期2076-2080,共5页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目(CARS-49-4B)
上海高校知识服务平台建设项目(ZF1206)
