摘要
利用2004-2013年我国快递业数据对本土市场规模与全要素生产率之间关系进行实证分析发现,"以市场促创新"或"以市场规模驱动创新"的假说在我国快递市场基本不成立。本土市场规模对效率的改进仅有并不显著的正向作用,而对生产率及技术进步具有显著的负向作用。此外,资本密度对快递业全要素生产率指数影响为正,而人力资本及研发密度对快递业全要素生产率指数影响为负。从作用机制看,本土市场规模对我国快递业全要素生产率的影响作用机制可进一步归纳为聚集和竞争效应,本土市场规模的扩大伴随着资本密度的提高、人力资本及研发密度的降低,对生产率增长与技术进步产生正向作用,对效率改进产生负向影响。但由于我国快递业市场仍然属于劳动密集型行业,技术基础薄弱,研发资金使用效率低下,并没有随着快递本土市场规模的扩大在我国快递业中产生聚集和竞争效应,加之多数快递企业更倾向于通过服务产品模仿来抢占市场而不是真正进行技术创新,导致我国快递企业创新能力即使在本土市场规模持续扩大的前提下也无法提高,本土市场规模扩大对全要素生产率的聚集和竞争效应并未在我国快递行业得以体现,未来改变竞争模式与提高技术创新将是我国快递业转型升级的必然路径。
By using the data of Chinese express industry from 2003 to 2012,the authors empirically analyze the relationship between the size of domestic market and Total Factor Productivity （TFP）. It is found that the hypothesis of“market promoted innovation”and＂market size drove innovation＂in China＇s express industry is not established. The domestic market size can have little positive effects on the improvement of efficiency;while it has significant negative effect on productivity and technological progress. The effect of domestic market size on TFP of China＇s express industry can be further summarized as agglomeration and competition effects;with the improvement of capital intensity and the reducing of human capital and R＆amp;D intensity,the expansion of domestic market size will have positive effect on productivity growth and technological progress,and negative effect on the improvement of efficiency. But because China＇s express industry is still the labor-intensive industry,which has the weak technological basis and low efficiency of capital usage,the capacity for innovation of China＇s express industry has not yet been improved with the help of expansion of domestic market size. So the change of competitive pattern and the improvement of technological innovation will be the inevitable path of the transformation and upgrade of China＇s express industry.
出处
《中国流通经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期77-83,共7页
China Business and Market
