摘要
为高品质提取胡麻籽低温压榨饼残油,采用D-optimum响应面设计优化亚临界丁烷萃取胡麻饼工艺,研究萃取温度、时间和液料比对油脂提取率的影响,并将所得油与粕与正已烷工艺进行品质比较。结果表明:液料比和萃取时间对油脂提取率的影响显著(P<0.05);液料比与萃取温度交互作用显著(P<0.05);最佳工艺参数为液料比8.4 m L/g、萃取时间40 min、萃取温度26℃,此条件下胡麻籽油的提取率为96.50%。亚临界丁烷萃取的胡麻籽油红色较浅、黄色较深,酸价与过氧化值都优于正已烷工艺,磷脂质量分数约为正已烷工艺的1/10。亚临界丁烷萃取后的胡麻籽粕,中性洗涤纤维质量分数低,蛋白中可溶性氮质量分数是正已烷工艺的3.5倍。研究结果可为胡麻籽高品质加工利用提供数据参考。
Linseed （Linum usitassimum L.）, also known as Flaxseed, belonging to family Lineaceae, is an annual herb that is one of the oldest cultivated crops, continues to be widely grown for oil, textile, and food. Currently, Linseed is cultivated in more than 50 countries, predominantly in the Northern hemisphere. The important Linseed growing countries include Canada, China, India, Argentina, and United States. In China, Linseed, as one of five most important kinds of oil crops, of the average production is 500 thousand tons per year. Linseed oil is an excellent source of the omega-3 fatty acid alpha linolenic acid （ALA） with typical levels of 55% in the oil making it ideal for function food and nutritional supplements because they have shown beneficial physiological effects. However, the high content of ALA in flaxseed oil is highly susceptible to oxidation, leading to rapid deterioration of quality. Because ALA is sensitive to heat, oxygen, and light, Linseed is usually cold pressed. Cold presses typically recover 80 to 90% of the oil from oilseeds. To exhaust extract the oil of linseed, a solvent extraction has to be used. However, solvent extraction with petroleum distillates, such as hexane, is not allowed, due to its high temperature process. In order to obtain high quality linseed oil from cold press linseed cake, subcritical butane is used to extract linseed oil and then the quality of the oil and meal obtained is studied, compared with n-hexane extraction. The affection of factors, which includes extraction temperature, time and ratio of solvent to material effecting on oil yield, is investigated, and the extraction parameters are optimized by D-optimum response surface methodology. The model equation for predicting the optimum response values is established by Design Expert software. The adequacy of the model equation for predicting the optimum response values was effectively verified by the validation. The experiment result indicates that affection of ratio of solvent to material and extraction time o
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第21期324-331,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家胡麻产业技术体系项目(CARS-17)
关键词
油脂
萃取
优化
亚临界萃取
丁烷
胡麻籽
饼粕
品质
oil and fats
extraction
optimization
subcritical extraction
butane
linseed
cake and meal
quality
