摘要
自然界中蚂蚁与蚁运植物的互惠关系是一种普遍的现象。蚁运植物种子的油质体是两者发生联系的纽带,它能为蚂蚁提供营养物质,且蚂蚁在消耗油质体的同时,搬运并散布了种子。红火蚁是近年来在华南地区严重发生的一种入侵性蚂蚁,能在短时间内迅速发展成为优势种,造成入侵地生物多样性降低和生态单一化,是世界范围内最具危险的社会性昆虫之一。由于该入侵蚂蚁极具侵略性、觅食能力强、种群庞大等特点,对蚁运植物具有深远的影响。为了深入、全面地了解红火蚁对蚁运植物种子的影响,本文综述了红火蚁对蚁运植物种子油质体的喜好及搬运行为,以及对蚁运植物种子的直接影响(搬运、取食、划痕或毁坏)及间接影响(排挤本地蚂蚁),最后展望了未来红火蚁对蚁运植物影响的研究方向。
The mutualistic relationship between ants and myrmecochorous plants is a common phenomenon. The seed elaiosomes of myrmecochorous plants are preyed and consumed by ants, which remove and disperse the seeds, in return, benefit from the seeds＇ germination and growth. The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is a dangerous and destructive invader ; the lack of natural en- emies of this species results in population booms in areas where they invade. S. invicta has significant negative impacts on ecosys- tems and biodiversity, but the interrelation between S. invicta and myrmeeoehorous plant has rarely been known. The present review summarized the preference and removal behavior of S. invicta on the elaiosome of myrmecoehorous plants. Additionally, the direct （ removed, preyed, scarified, and destroyed） and indirect effects （ expelled native ants） of S. invicta on the elaiosome of myrmeco- chorous plants were also discussed. Finally, some suggestions were proposed for the potential study orientation of the relationship between S. invicta and myrmecochorous plants.
出处
《生物安全学报》
2014年第2期71-74,68,共4页
Journal of biosafety
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(305712427)
浙江省自然科学基金(LQ14C140004)
关键词
红火蚁
蚁运植物
种子
互惠共生
生物入侵
Solenopsis invicta Buren
myrmeeochore
seed
mutualism
biological invasion
