摘要
鉴于我国2013年《商标法》与欧盟《商标指令》所规定的侵犯商标权的判断标准的类似性,深入了解欧盟商标法上侵犯商标权的判断标准有着非常重要的参考意义。然而,因我国学界主流对欧盟侵犯商标权的判断标准的理解存在着重大的误读,仍有进一步研究之必要。欧盟商标制度的历史传统、商标保护的基本立场、《商标指令》的立法理由决定了欧盟商标立法上所规定的侵犯商标权的判断标准是以相似性为基础、以混淆可能性为限定条件的标准,其商标司法和审查实践则更具体地诠释和贯彻着这一标准。欧盟侵犯商标权的判断标准中的相似性是客观的相似性而不需要考虑混淆可能性,判断方法是整体评价的方法,考虑的因素是与商品和商标本身相关的所有因素。欧盟侵犯商标权的判断标准中的混淆可能性是较为限制解释的混淆可能性,判断方法是整体评价的方法,考虑的因素包括商标近似性、商品类似性以及商标的显著性与知名度等。
In view of the similarity of legal provisions of judgment standard of trademark infringement between the Trademark Law of China in 2013 and the EU Trademark Directive, it is of great importance to give an insight into the judgment standard of trademark infringement in the EU trademark law. However, there has been a big misunderstanding of judgment standard of trademark infringement in the EU trademark law in the mainstream of Chinese educational circlein, a further study is still necessary.The historical tradition of the EU trademark system, the basic position of trademark protection in EU and the legislation reason of the EU Trademark Directive co-determine the judgment standard of trademark infringement on the legislation, which can be read as： similarity is the basic judgment standard for trademark infringement, which is confined by likelihood of confusion. The trademark judicial practice and the trademark examination define and implement such trademark infiingement test more specifically. The similarity in the judgment standard of trademark infi-ingement in the EU trademark law is the objective similarity, without taking into account of the likelihood of confusion. The methodology in this regard is the global assessment. In assessing the similarity of the goods and services, all the relevant factors relating to those goods or services themselves should be taken into account. The likelihood of confusion in the test of trademark infringement in the EU trademark law is a restrictively interpreted likelihood of confusion.The methodology of the judgment standard in this regard is also the global assessment. In assessing the likelihood of confusion, the factors taking into account includes the similarity of the marks, the similarity of the goods and services, the distinctiveness or recognition of the trade mark, etc.
出处
《知识产权》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第11期77-85,共9页
Intellectual Property
基金
湖南省"图书情报与档案管理重点学科"资助
关键词
侵犯商标权
判断标准
相似性
混淆可能性
trademark infringement
the judgment standard of trademark infringement
similarity,likelihood of confusion
