摘要
饲料制粒可以提高采食量和缩短采食时间,以提高肉鸡生长性能和饲料转化率。而原料的粉碎和调质是制粒过程中非常重要的环节,不仅直接影响到饲料的营养价值和肉鸡的消化吸收,还会影响加工成本和产品质量。粉碎粒度过大会导致混合不均匀、颗粒品质欠佳等不利影响,并且对动物的采食及采食后的物理性消化产生影响,粒度过小则会对动物健康产生不利影响。调质过程主要是使饲料受到水热作用,使其蛋白质变性、淀粉糊化等,调质温度是调质环节的关键参数,温度的高低对蛋白质变性及淀粉糊化程度有直接影响,从而间接影响到动物的生长性能和养分消化利用率。同时,调质温度过高会导致饲料中添加的酶制剂及维生素等严重失活,反而会降低饲料的营养价值。本文综述了肉鸡饲料粉碎粒度和调质温度的研究进展,阐述了粉碎粒度、调质温度与肉鸡生长性能和养分消化率的重要关系。
The purpose of feed pelleting is to cut down feeding time, and increase feed intake, growth performance and feed conversion ratio of broilers. Grain grinding and conditioning process are two major steps in feed pelleting process, which not only affect the feed nutritional value and nutrients digestion and absorption of broilers, but also affect the processing cost and product quality. If the particle size is too large, it may cause mixing unevenly and bad pellet quality, as well as affect feed intake and its physical digestion of broilers. If the particle size is too small, it also has an adverse effect on animal health. Conditioning process is mainly subjected to hydrothermal to induce protein denaturation, starch gelatinization, etc., while conditioning temperature is the key parameter, which has a direct impact on the levels of protein denaturation and starch gelatinization, thus indirectly affects growth performance and digestibility and utilization of nutrients of animals. Meanwhile, the higher conditioning temperature can affect the activities of exogenous enzymes and vitamins in feed ingredients, which also reduce the feed quality. This review summarized the recent research progresses on feed particle size and conditioning temperature of broilers, also discussed their relationships with broiler growth performance and nutrient digestibility.
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第10期3122-3128,共7页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
关键词
粉碎粒度
调质温度
肉鸡
生长性能
养分消化率
particle size
conditioning temperature
broilers
growth performance
nutrient digestibility
