摘要
目的了解25 a间土家族、苗族学生体质状况及其变化,为土家族、苗族学生体质健康水平的提高提供参考依据。方法利用土家族、苗族学生1985年与2010年体质健康调研所获得的数据,比较分析2个民族学生身体形态、身体机能和身体素质的变化。结果 25 a间,土家族男、女身高分别平均增长3.38,3.22 cm,苗族男、女平均增长3.88,3.60cm;体重平均增长4.12,2.52 kg和3.17,2.62 kg;胸围(除苗族女生出现下降外)均出现不同程度增长,分别为1.50,2.91 cm和1.87,-1.48 cm;肺活量平均下降228.8,308.6 mL和84.4,228.7 mL;50 m跑平均增长0.02,-0.28 s和-0.07,-0.25 s;斜身引体(男)平均增长7.26,19.36次,引体向上(男)平均下降0.70,0.68次,仰卧起坐(女)平均增长5.69,6.01次/min;立定跳远平均增长0.99,-0.26 cm和12.75,9.94 cm;50 m×8往返跑平均下降7.89,5.64 s和5.31,5.15 s,1 000 m跑(男生)和800m跑(女生),土家族男、女平均下降23.60,24.40 s,苗族男、女平均下降19.98,14.93 s;立位体前屈平均增长0.25,1.28 cm和2.63,2.35 cm。结论苗族学生体质状况相对比土家族学生要好。应针对土家族、苗族学生体质状况及其发展趋势提出相应的干预措施,促进土家族、苗族学生体质发展。
Objective To provide reference basis for improving the physical fitness of Tujia and Miao minority students by comparing trend of physical fitness during the past 25 years. Methods Changes of body shape, body function and physical fitness of two minorities were compared by using Tujia and Miao minority data of National Physical Examination Survey in 1985 and 2010. Results During the past 25 years, average growth of male and female students＂ height of Tu and Miao minority was 3.38, 3.22, 3.88 and 3.60 cm, repectively. The average change of weight was 4.12, 2.52, 3.17 and 2.62 kg, respectively. Average changes of chest circumference in Tu and Miao minority was 1.50, 2.91, 1.87 and -1.48 em, respectively. The average decrease of vital capacity was 228.8,308.6, 84.4 and 228.7 mL, respectively. The average increase of 50 m running was 0.02, -0.28, -0.07 and -0.25 s, respectively. The average increase of oblique pull-ups （ male） was 7.26 times and 19.36 times, respectively. The average drop of pull-ups （ male ） is 0.70 times and 0.68 times, respectively. The average increase of sit-ups （ female ） is 5.69 times/min and 6.01 times/min, respectively. The average increase of standing long jump was 0.99, -0.26, 12.75 and 9.94 cm, respectively. The average drop of 50 m^8 shuttle run was 7.89, 5.64, 5.31 and 5.15 s. During 1 000 m running （ male） and 800 m running（ female ） , the average drop of male and female students of Tujia minority was 23.60 s and 24.40 s, and the average drop Of the male and female students was 19.98 s and 14.93 s. The average increase of body bending fitness was O. 25, 1.28, 2.63 and 2.35 cm. Conclusion Physical fitness among Miao students is better than that of Tujia students. The corresponding intervention measures should be taken out to promote physical fitness among minority students.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第8期1166-1169,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助项目(11YJA880155)
关键词
生长和发育
体质
学生
Growth and development
Body constitution
Students
