摘要
为给利用蓖麻及类似油料能源植物修复铅、锌等重金属污染的土壤提供理论与技术依据,采用盆栽方法,将蓖麻种子栽种在由铅锌尾矿渣、泥炭土、黄土和不同体积配比的有机菌肥混配而成的基质中,观测了不同栽培基质处理的蓖麻种子萌发与幼苗生长情况,同时测量并分析了铅、锌、铜、镉在其幼苗各组织中的分布情况,以了解蓖麻对铅锌等重金属的耐受力与转运潜力。试验结果表明:蓖麻种子在纯矿渣基质和不同铅锌含量矿渣混合基质中均能萌发与生长;处理Ⅴ(60%矿渣+20%泥炭土+20%黄土)的蓖麻种子的萌芽率、发芽势、幼苗成活率及幼苗植株的生长势均较好,而处理Ⅲ(80%矿渣+10%泥炭土+10%黄土+有机菌肥)的各项指标却显著低于其他处理(p<0.05);蓖麻种子和幼苗均表现出了对铅锌等重金属的较强的耐受性,蓖麻根系为重金属的主要累积部位,只有少量的重金属转移到地上部分,4种元素的转运能力由大到小依次为铜>锌>铅>镉,其转移系数均小于1。研究结果表明:蓖麻不属于铅、锌的超富集植物,但耐受性强,生物量大,可用于铅锌污染土壤植物修复及能源化利用。
In order to provide a theoretical and technological basis for remedying soil contaminated by heavy metal using energy oil plants, Ricinus communis seeds were planted in the mixed media of different volume ratio of leadzinc tailings, peat soil, loess and organic bacterial manure, seed germination and seedling growth in R. communis were observed. Distribution of Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd in tissues of seedling were determined and analyzed in order to learn heavy metal tolerance and transport potential of R. communis. The results demonstrate that seeds can germination and grow in both the pure slag media and the mixed media with different lead-zinc contents. In treatment Ⅴ（60% slag ＋ 20% peat soil ＋ 20% loess）, seed germination rate and germination vigor, seedling survival rate and growth vigor are better, but the indexes in treatment Ⅲ（80% slag ＋ 10% peat soil ＋ 10% loess） are significant lower than those in other treatments（p〈0.05）. Seeds and seedlings show higher heavy metal tolerance, root system is a main accumulation organ, and only little heavy metal is transferred to overground parts. For the translocation ability of the four heavy metals in plant from high to low, the order is Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and all transfer coeffi cients are lower than one. R. communis dose not belong to hyperaccumulator of lead and zinc, but it has strong tolerance ability and large biomass, so can be utilized as a kind of lead-zinc contaminated soil remediation and energy plant.
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2014年第3期87-93,共7页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"废弃矿区植物生态修复与安全屏障建设关键技术试验与示范"(2012BAC09B03)
关键词
蓖麻
铅锌尾矿
种子萌发
幼苗生长
重金属积累
Ricinus communis
lead-zinc tailings
seed germination
seedling growth
heavy metal accumulation
