摘要
目的了解某蓄电池厂周边儿童血铅水平,为制定儿童铅中毒防治策略提供科学依据。方法抽取蓄电池厂周边186名14岁以下儿童为调查对象,按拟定的调查表调查儿童的基本情况。采集儿童静脉血,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅,分析儿童血铅水平及血铅超标率,比较不同性别、年龄、生活习惯和居住环境的儿童血铅水平。结果被调查186名儿童血铅值中位数为20μg/L(P25:20μg/L,P75:50μg/L),11名儿童血铅≥100μg/L,血铅超标率5.91%。男童血铅平均水平和血铅超标率较高,与女童比较,差异有统计学意义(Z血铅=1.956,P<0.05;χ2超标率=3.845,P<0.05);家庭成员从事高铅作业的儿童血铅水平和血铅超标率显著高于没有家庭成员从事高铅作业的儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同年龄组和居住环境对儿童血铅水平和血铅超标率的影响均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论环境干预和健康教育可最大程度地预防和降低铅对儿童的危害。
Objective To investigate the blood lead level of children living around the rechargeable battery factory,provide scientific basis for establishing prevention and treatment strategy of the children lead poisoning. Methods The children aged 0-14 years old living around the rechargeable battery factory were selected as the object of investigation. The children were investigated about their basic situation according to the drawn up questionnaire. Vein blood was collected and the lead value was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method. All the blood lead level and abnormal rate was analyzed and compared among different gender,age,living habits and living environment. Results The median of 186 children blood lead was 20 μg /L（ P25： 20μg/L,P75： 50μg/L）,11 children blood lead was greater than100μg / L,exceed ratio of blood lead was 5. 91%. The average of boys’ blood lead and exceed ratio were significantly higher than girls’. The blood lead and exceed ratio of some children who had family members engaging high lead-exposure work was significantly higher than those who did not,and the differences were statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 01）. Different age groups and living environment had no effect on the children blood lead and exceed ratio（ P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion Environmental intervention and health education could maximally prevent and reduce the harm of lead to children.
出处
《安徽预防医学杂志》
2014年第4期239-240,244,共3页
Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
蓄电池
儿童
血铅
Rechargeable battery
Children
Blood lead
