摘要
目的了解某铅冶炼企业周边儿童血铅水平及相关因素。方法采取分层整群随机抽样和单纯随机抽样相结合的方法,2012年5—6月调查某铅冶炼企业周边10 km范围内的Z镇常驻人口中3～14岁儿童1 047名。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）进行血中铅含量的测定,并做相关因素问卷调查。结果该企业周边儿童血铅中位数为205.82μg/L,P_（25）为158.31μg/L,P_（75）为280.35μg/L。达到高铅血水平的儿童比例为95.32%（998/1 047）,达到铅中毒水平的儿童比例为53.01%（555/1 047）;不同污染区儿童血铅水平：重度污染区〉中度污染区〉轻度污染区;3～7岁儿童血铅水平明显高于8～14岁儿童（P〈0.01）;多重线性回归显示,年龄较大、与父母共同生活的儿童血铅水平较低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论该企业周边儿童血铅水平和血铅超标率情况已非常严重。我国涉铅企业周边铅污染现状,尤其是周边儿童血铅水平调查亟待开展。
Objective To know the blood lead level and influencing factors of children living around lead smelters. Methods Stratified-clustered-random sampling and simple random sampling were used in the present study. A total of 1 047 children aged 3-14, living around a lead smelter, the permanent residents within 10 km from the lead smelter, were chosen from May to June 2012. The blood lead level was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. At the same time, the influencing factors were investigated by using a standardized questionnaire. Results The median of blood lead level of the investigated children was 205.82 μg/L（P_（25）：158.31 μg/L; P_（75）：280.35 μg/L）,the blood lead levels of 95.32%（998/1 047）of children were ≥100 μg/L, 53.01%（555/1 047）≥200 μg/L. The blood lead level of children in the highly polluted area was higher than that in the moderately polluted area（P〈0.001）. The blood lead level of children in the moderately polluted area was higher than that in the lightly polluted area（P〈0.001）. The blood lead levels of children aged 3- 7 were higher than those of children aged from 8 to 14 years（P〈0.001）. The mainly influencing factors of children lead exposure were age and living with parents. Conclusion The blood lead levels of children living around the lead smelter are seriously higher. The present situation of lead pollution of environment around the lead related enterprises in China,especially the blood lead levels of children living around the polluted areas should be investigated urgently.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第10期877-879,共3页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
环境保护部环保公益性行业科研专项(201109064
2010467046)
关键词
儿童
血铅
铅冶炼
影响因素
Children
Blood lead
Lead smelting
Influencing factors
