摘要
为了掌握土壤水分与玉米生长发育内在关系,提高土壤水分利用率,统筹调配水资源和防灾减灾提供理论依据,利用1994—2010年山西省忻州市忻府区农业气象观测站春玉米生长季0~50 cm土壤水分和玉米产量观测资料,分析了玉米生长季土壤水分变化规律及对玉米产量的影响。结果表明：春玉米生长季土壤水分年际变化振荡明显,呈多波动变化,与年降水量相关显著;一年中土壤水分变化分为水分消耗期、水分补给期和水分平稳期3个阶段;土壤水分的垂直变化明显,在20~30 cm层含水量最大,0~20 cm为多变层,20~50 cm为缓变层,雨季土壤水分变化较干季复杂;玉米拔节—乳熟期土壤贮水量与气候产量呈正相关,抽雄期是需水临界期,此时0~50 cm土壤贮水量每增加10 mm,产量增加200~250 kg/hm2。
In order to study the relationship between soil moisture and maize growth, improve utilization rate ofsoil water, coordinate deployment of water resources and provide a theoretical basis for disaster prevention andreduction, the author used observation data of 0-50 cm soil moisture of spring maize growing season and yieldof maize in 1994-2010 provided by Agro-meteorological Station in Xin House District, Xinzhou City, ShanxiProvince, to analyze the variation of soil water in maize growing season and its effects on maize yield. Theresults showed that： soil moisture in spring maize growing season had variability oscillation obviously, andrelated to the annual precipitation significantly; soil moisture in a year was divided into 3 phases： waterconsuming stage, water supply and water stable period. The vertical variation of soil moisture was significant,the 20-30 cm layer had the maximum moisture content, 0-20 cm was multiple layer and 20-50 cm was thebuffer layer. Soil moisture variation of rainy season was more complex than that of dry season; water storage insoil and climate yield were positively correlated in maize jointing stage to milk stage. Tasseling stage was thecritical period of water requirement, in which the 0-50 cm soil water storage increased by 10 mm and the yieldincreasedby 200-250kg/hm2.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2014年第24期246-250,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
关键词
春玉米
生长季
土壤贮水量
气候产量
spring corn growing season soil water storage climate yield
