摘要
目的 探讨佛山地区志愿无偿献血人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染情况,为完善本地区血液安全策略提供参考依据.方法 选取2001年1月至2013年12月于佛山地区采供血机构献血的538 107例志愿无偿献血者作为研究对象.对其血液标本进行HIV检测,对HIV感染的流行变化趋势,HIV感染者的检出情况及流行病学资料进行统计学分析.血样HIV抗体筛查检测采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),呈阳性的血样采用Western蛋白免疫印迹(WB)法进行确证检测.结果 ①2001年1月至2013年12月佛山地区无偿献血人群每年的HIV感染率分别为7.02×10-5,3.23×10-5,6.17×10-5,6.83×10-5,3.94×10-5,17.86×10-5,16.38×10-5,17.51×10-5,5.11×10-5,14.39×10-5,18.27×10-5,12.56×10-5,21.74×10-5,共检测出HIV感染者70例,总感染率为13.01×10-5,感染率总体呈逐年递增态势(x2趋势=8.03,P<0.05),增幅达209.69%.与国内其他地区相比,佛山地区无偿献血人群的HIV感染率处于中间水平,显著高于浙江、海南,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与郑州比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);显著低于广州、深圳,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).②538 107份无偿献血者标本中,HIV抗体筛查呈阳性为1 346份,筛查阳性率为0.25%;确证阳性数为70例,确证阳性率为13.01×10-5;确证阳性符合率为5.20%;不确定为14例,其中,追踪随访6例,均未发生阳转.③HIV抗体确证呈阳性的血液标本中,WB带型检测结果以gp160、gp120、gp41、p66、p51、p31、p24条带为主,出现率>90%,p17与p55条带出现率略低,p39条带最为少见,且以≥8条为主,占84.3%(59/70);④HIV抗体确证呈阳性的无偿献血标本中,采用ELISA实验进口试剂与国产试剂进行检测的结果均为高样本吸光度/临界(S/CO)值(S/CO值≥10.00)的标本为主,所占比例>80%,中、低S/CO值(1.00≤S/CO值<6.00,6.00≤S/CO值<10.00)的标本所占的比例较小,均<10%
Objective To investigate the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infections among voluntary unpaid blood donors in Foshan,in order to provide references for improvement of appropriate strategies to ensure blood safety in Foshan.Methods From January 2001 to December 2013,a total of 538 107 voluntary unpaid blood donors in Foshan Blood Stations were collected into this study.The blood samples of voluntary blood donors were tested for HIV.The variation trend of HIV infection rates,the dectetion of HIV infection and the epidemiological data on HIV infector were analyzed.Blood samples were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by Western blotting (WB) method.Results ① The HIV infection rates of voluntary unpaid blood donors in Foshan from 2001 to 2013 were 7.02,3.23,6.17,6.83,3.94,17.86,16.38,17.51,5.11,14.39,18.27,12.56,21.74 per 100 000.Total HIV infectors were 70 cases,and total HIV infection rate was 13.01 per 100 000.As a whole,HIV infection rate was increasing year by year (x2 trend=8.03,P〈0.05).HIV infection rate was increased from 7.02 per 100 000 in 2001 to 21.74 per 100 000 in 2013,and the amplitude was 209.69%.HIV infection rate in Foshan was significantly higher than those in Zhejiang and Hainan (P〈0.05),and was close to that in Zhengzhou (P〉0.05),but significantly lower than those in Guangzhou and Shenzhen (P〈0.05).② The screened positive blood samples were 1 346 in 538 107,and the screened positive rate was 0.25%.The confirmed positive samples were 70 cases,and the confirmed positive rate was 13.01 per 100 000.The confirmed positive coincidence rate was 5.20%.The confirmed uncertainty samples were 14 cases,and 6 cases didn't turn positive in follow-up.③ Most of the bands in WB were gp160,gp120,gp41,p66,p51,p31,p24,and the frequency of occurrence were above 90%.The frequency of occurrence of p17 and p55 bands were lower,p39 band was the rarest.Most blood samples occurred more than 8 bands in WB,accounted for 84.3% (59/70).④
出处
《国际输血及血液学杂志》
CAS
2014年第4期322-328,共7页
International Journal of Blood Transfusion and Hematology
基金
佛山市卫生局医学科研立项项目(2014160)
关键词
献血者
志愿者
人类免疫缺陷病毒
感染
Blood donors
Volunteers
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infection