摘要
新生代期间中国西部发生了多次强烈的构造运动,经历了复杂的构造-地貌演化历史.地质构造背景和地球动力学过程则控制了中国西部大陆新生代期间的构造-地貌演化.盆-山系统是中国西部新生代构造的基本格局,盆-岭体系是中国西部新生代的主要地貌单元.根据盆地的几何学、动力学与构造演化特征,中国西部新生代盆地可以划分为压陷盆地、断陷盆地、走滑拉分盆地以及残留海-前陆盆地4类.这些新生代封闭盆地均被造山带所围限,而盆地与山脉之间由挤压型活动断裂(逆冲断层和走滑断层)所分割.新生代以来印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞以及其后印度板块的向北俯冲挤压,对中国西部新生代沉积盆地的发育和演化产生了重大影响.中国西部新生代盆地构造岩相古地理演化与板块运动和构造隆升之间存在明显的耦合.
During the Cenozoic,strong multi-stage tectonic events occurred in western China,which experienced a complex tectonic-geomorphic evolution history.Tectonic setting and geodynamic process determined the tectonic-geomorphic evolutions in the continent of western China.Sedimentary basin-orogen belt systems are the dominant basic structural pattern in western China during the Cenozoic.Basin-range pattern is the major geomorphic unit in western China.According to the geometric,dy-namic features of tectonic evolution of basins,the Cenozoic sedimentary basins in western China fall into four tectonic catego-ries：contractional basin,faulted basin,strike-slip pull-apart basin and remnant sea-foreland basin.These closed geomorphic basins in western China were surrounded by orogenic belts,which are divided by active compressive faults （thrust fault and strike-slip fault）.Both the Indian-Eurasian plate collision and the intracontinental subduction play significant role in the forma-tion and evolution of sedimentary basins in western China.There is a close relationship among the tectonic lithofacies paleogeo-graphic evolution of sedimentary basins,plate movement and tectonic uplift.
出处
《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第8期1035-1051,共17页
Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences
基金
中国地质调查局项目(Nos.1212011121261
1212011121036)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(No.CUGL140831)
中国博士后科学基金(No.2014M552109)
关键词
中国西部
沉积
构造
盆地演化
新生代
western China
sedimentology
tectonics
basin evolution
Cenozoic
