摘要
近年来,大数据在公共管理领域的应用日趋增加,但由于缺乏理论指导,其应用决策往往无一定之规。相比于技术层面创新,思维方式变革在大数据时代更为重要。本质上,公共大数据具有"广泛记录"和"有限描述"特性。为保证其利用的科学性、合理性和可靠性,在公共管理应用决策中,应建立4M思维:即通过微观探究(Microscope),发掘数据的内在价值;凭借复合利用(Mixability),提升数据的知识挖掘广度;以语义为导向(Meaning),实现数据与应用的有效结合;采用多维分析(Multidimension),保证数据应用结论的有效性。在分析的基础上,结合北京市交通治理的实践,对大数据的应用思维进一步诠释。
In recent years, more and more big data applications have arisen in the field of public management. However, due to the lack of systematic theory guidance, the decision-making process of government always faces many challenges. Comparing with the innovation of technology, the revolution of thinking mode is actually much more important. In essence, the public big data is characterized by the "extensive records" and "limited description". To ensure the scientificity, rationality, and reliability of big data applications, it is significant to establish the brand new 4 M thoughts in our work. First, with the "Microscope" thought, the value of data is able to be fully explored;second, with the "Mixability" thought, a wide range of knowledge could be discovered from data;third, with the "Meaning" thought, the data and applications could be well integrated;fourth, with the "Multidimension" thought, the correctness and effectiveness of data analysis results could be guaranteed. On the basis of all the theoretical discussions, the newly proposed 4 M thinking mode for big data applications is further explained with the exploration and practices of traffic governance in Beijing.
作者
孙轩
孙涛
Sun Xuan;Sun Tao
出处
《上海行政学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第1期56-65,共10页
The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目"现代社会治理的组织与模式研究"(71533002)
国家社会科学基金重大项目"基于大型调查数据基础上中国城镇社区结构异质性及其基层治理研究"(15ZDB173)
国家社会科学基金重大项目"人工智能对新时代政府治理的挑战和应对研究"(18VZL006)的阶段性成果
关键词
大数据
公共管理
4M思维
应用决策
治理能力
Big Data
Public Management
4M Thinking Mode
Decision Making
Governance Capability
