摘要
“五四”时期的无政府主义基本伴随着现代国家建设的失败而诞生,故其首先对民国初年上层的政治体制改革提出了全面质疑,随后尝试在基层建立起一个能够杜绝和预防政治腐败的良好自治机制。无政府主义的出现也伴随着一战结束后欧洲劳工运动的崛起,故而其对私有制的批判与“社会主义”思潮有相通之处,但在具体设计的过程中却多采取回归传统乡村治理的策略,缺乏行动的能力和具体举措。无政府主义强调个人自由的重要性,却对个人自由在社会中如何具体落实缺乏思考。其主旨与“个人主义”和“社会主义”思想虽有不少分歧,但是其强调“社会”改造的思路又为这两种思潮的演变提供了重要的思想依据。
The anarchism of the May Fourth Movement period arose with the failure of China's modem state construction.The anarchists first questioned the entire political system reform at the top level in the early years of the Republic of China.They then tried to establish a good autonomous mechanism at the grassroots level to eliminate and prevent political corruption.The emergence of anarchism was also an outgrowth of the rise of the European labor movement after the World War I.As such,its critique of private ownership resonated with the "socialist"thought,but in the process of concrete design,it returned to the traditional strategies of rural governance and lackedboth the capacity for action and specific measures.Anarchism emphasized the importance of individual liberty,but failed to explain how individual liberty could be implemented in society.Although its main tenets were different from those of "individualism"and "socialism",its emphasis on "social"transformation did provide an important ideological basis for the latter two.
作者
杨念群
Yang Nianqun(The Institute of Qing History,Renmin University of China)
出处
《开放时代》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第1期89-114,M0003,共27页
Open Times
