摘要
目的了解深圳市某五金制品企业生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素,分析危害程度及对劳动者健康的损害,评价职业病防护设施和措施及其效果,提出整改建议,为该企业开展职业病防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测、职业健康检查和检查表分析等方法进行分析评价。结果该企业主要存在的职业病危害因素包括:化学毒物、噪声、高温、低温、粉尘、工频电场。化学毒物检测点结果均低于职业卫生接触限值,检测合格率100.0%;粉尘检测点合格率为91.5%,主要为喷砂岗位的矽尘超标;噪声检测合格率为91.7%;WBGT指数、工频电场结果均符合职业卫生限值的要求。职业健康检查岗前体检率为100.00%,在岗期间体检率为98.58%,其中有19名员工出现听力损伤、心率异常情况,需复查。结论该企业存在的主要职业卫生问题是噪声以及矽尘,需完善所采取的职业病危害防护措施,并对喷砂房进行整改。进一步完善职业健康监护和职业卫生管理制度,组织员工在岗期间和离岗时的职业健康检查,定期组织应急救援演练,更好地提升职业病防治能力和水平。
Objective To identify the occupational hazards in a hardware production enterprise in Shenzhen city,to investigate the existing problems,to analyze the harmful degree and impact on workers’ health,to evaluate the effects of occupational protection facilities and occupational management measures,to put forward the recommendations and provide scientific evidence for occupational disease control. Methods On-site occupational health investigation,working environment monitoring,health examination and the checklist method were applied to synthetically analyze and evaluate the occupational hazards in the enterprise. Results The main occupational hazards in the enterprise were toxic chemicals,noise,high temperature,low temperature,dust and power-frequency electric fields. The qualified rate of toxic chemicals level was 100%,dust level 91.5%,sound level 91.7%. The silica dust in sandblasting exceeded the national occupational health standard.The level of WBGT and power-frequency electric fields met the requirements of national occupational exposure limits. The rate of on-the-job health examination was 98.58%. Nineteen workers were found abnormal through health examination and needed to follow up with doctor. Conclusion The serious occupational hazards in the enterprise are noise and silica dust.It is necessary to perfect the current protective measures,health-monitoring and occupational hygienic management. The sandblasting room must be changed and the exercise of emergency succor must be carried out periodically to improve the ability of occupational disease prevention and control.
作者
荣怿
林孟端
林海端
卿文静
RONG Yi;LIN-Meng-duan;LIN Hai-duan;Qing Wen-jing(Department of Occupational Health,Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen ,Shenzhen Guangdong 518109,China.)
出处
《中国卫生工程学》
CAS
2018年第6期808-811,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering
基金
深圳市龙华区职业病防治重点学科(深龙华公卫[2015]278号)
关键词
五金制品企业
职业病危害
现状评价
Hardware production enterprise
Occupational hazards
Present situation evaluation
