摘要
目的了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)的社会支持现况,并分析影响因素,为HIV/AIDS病人的心理关怀提供参考依据。方法采用横断面研究方法,运用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对昆明市500例HIV/AIDS病人实施问卷调查,采用SPSS 20.0软件统计数据,并对相关人口学特征进行分析。结果共调查499例HIV/AIDS病人。病人的社会支持总分(30.24±9.48)分,其中主观支持(16.84±6.42)分,客观支持(6.17±3.72)分,支持利用度(6.29±2.36)分,总分及各维度评分均显著低于全国常模。社会支持总分在不同年龄、不同职业群体间存在显著差异,其中30~39岁的病人总分(31.58±9.44)分,高于其他年龄段;50~59岁病人总分(26.98±9.93)分,在各年龄中最低。个体户病人总分(33.28±8.96)分,高于其他各职业;打工者群体总分(28.69±9.86)分,在各职业中最低。结论 HIV/AIDS病人的社会支持较常人显著偏低,其中50~59岁年龄段的群体和打工者群体社会支持度最低,出现的各种心理问题也最多,采用更多方法来增加病人主观支持、客观支持和支持利用度,从而提高病人的生活质量,延长病人生命。
Objective To understand the status of social support for HIV/AIDS patients(HIV/AIDS)and to analyze the influencing factors to provide reference for the psychological care of HIV/AIDS.Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted by using social support rating scale(SSRS)for 500 cases of HIV/AIDS in Kunming.SSPS20.0 statistics software was used to analyze the relevant demographic characteristics.Results The total score of HIV/AIDS social support was 30.24±9.48,with the subjective support of 16.84±6.42,and the objective support of 6.17±3.72.The support utilization ratio was 6.29±2.36.The total score and the score of each dimension were significantly lower than that of the national norm.The total score of social support showed significant differences among different age groups and occupational groups,among which the total score of patients aged from 30-39(31.58±9.44)was higher than that of other age groups,and the total score of patients aged from 50-59(26.98±9.93)was the lowest among all ages.The total score of individual patients was 33.28±8.96,higher than that of other occupations and the total score of workers was 28.69±9.86,the lowest among all occupations.Conclusion Social support of HIV/AIDS is significantly lower than that of ordinary people,with the lowest among 50 to 59 years old age group and migrant workers,who have the most serious psychological problems.More attention should be paid to increase the patient’s subjective support,objective support and support utilization,so as to improve their quality of life and prolong their lifespan.
作者
张伟
李惠琴
蒋忠亮
张娅玲
黄燕
ZHANG Wei;LI Huiqin;JIANG Zhongliang;ZHANG Yaling;HUANG Yan(Yunnan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital,Kunming 650300,Yunnan)
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第10期1040-1042,共3页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
基金
云南省科技计划项目青年项目基金(2014FD095)~~
