摘要
1958年颁布的《国防教育法》对认识二战后美国的教育变革有重要意义。但长期以来研究者都视其为对"苏联卫星事件"的回应,是冷战时期国防政策的重要内容。笔者通过对文献的重新发掘与分析,指出两者之间不存在必然联系,这场教育改革不是"刺激-反应"模式的产物;此外,该法案立法过程中的焦点问题是对联邦政府干预教育权限的再讨论;法案通过后,在宣誓政治忠诚和学术自由问题上也受到广泛批评。国家安全不能概括法案的全部,至于联邦政府如何干预教育,以法案为代表的每一次讨论本身就是答案。
The National Defense Education Act(NDEA)of 1958 is important to recognize the American educational reform after the World War II.However,for a long time,researchers considered it as a reaction of the Sputnik and a reflection of American defense policy in the Cold War.It thinks that there is no necessary causal connection between the act and the Sputnik by analyzing the primary material.The educational reform was not the result of stimulus-response model.The key topic in the legislation process was the intervention of federal government in education.The debate about political loyalty and academic freedom gave the most criticism to the NDEA.Therefore,national security was not the whole of NDEA.
作者
王慧敏
WANG Hui-min(College of Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310028,China)
出处
《高等教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第10期100-109,共10页
Journal of Higher Education
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(16NDJC025Z)
关键词
国防教育法
教育改革
联邦政府干预
学术自由
国家安全
National Defense Education Act
educational reform
federal government intervention
academic freedom
national security
