摘要
为提高水库抵御洪水能力,增加洪水调度预警时间,保证水库安全运行,提出了基于特大暴雨分级的水库上限起调水位分析方法,首先分析特定历时暴雨总量范围,在此基础上对可能发生的特大暴雨按雨量进行分级处理,对各级暴雨进行时空分配,应用水文模型模拟洪水过程,并按原有调度方法对研究水库进行调洪演算,进而确定安全运行理想暴雨量,在此基础上进一步研究超过安全运行理想暴雨量的各级特大暴雨,计算对应的上限起调水位,为水库预泄调度提供数据参考,增加防洪预警时间,以确保调洪时坝前最高水位不超过允许上限水位。该方法应用于洪渡河石垭子水库,计算确定了原有调度方法下水库安全运行理想暴雨量,并分析了超过该暴雨量的各级特大暴雨对应的安全运行上限起调水位,为石垭子水库防洪调度提供数据支撑。研究发现,部分中小水库防洪调度存在显著特点,按原有调度方式抵御特大洪水能力有限,新方法能够有效提高水库抵御特大洪水的能力。
In order to improve the ability of a reservoir to resist flood,increase the time of flood dispatching and warning,and ensure the safe operation of reservoir,a new method called reservoir upper limit initial water level analysis based on torrential rain classification is proposed .Firstly,the total amount range of rainstorm of certain duration is analyzed,and the possible rainstorm is classified according to rainfall.Then the spatial and temporal distribution of rainstorm at different levels is simulated.The hydrological model is used to simulate the flood process and the flood control calculation is carried out according to the original scheduling method.And then the safe-operating ideal storm volume is determined. On this basis,the extreme heavy rain exceeding the safe-operating ideal storm volume is further studied and the corresponding upper limit initial water level is calculated.It can provide data reference for reservoir pre discharge operation and increase flood control warning time,so as to ensure that the highest water level in flood routing does not exceeds the allowable upper limit water level of the reservoir.The method is applied to the Shiyazi reservoir.The safe-operating ideal storm volume of the reservoir under the original dispatching method is analyzed and calculated.The safe-operating upper limit water level corresponding to the heavy rainfall exceeding the rainstorm amount is analyzed,so as to provide data support for flood control of Shiyazi reservoir.It is found that the flood control operation of some small and mediumsized reservoirs has obvious characteristics,the capacity of resisting extreme flood is limited according to the original operation mode and the new method can effectively improve the ability of the reservoir to resist the catastrophic flood.
作者
刘可新
于茜
李匡
刘兵超
徐海卿
马岚
LIU Kexin;YU Qian;LI Kuang;LIU Bingchao;XU Haiqing;MA Lan(Beijing IWHR Technology Co.,Ltd,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;The Administration of the Lnanhe Diversion Project,Haihe River Conservancy Commission,Ministry of Water Resources,Tangshan 064309,China)
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
CSCD
2018年第5期159-163,共5页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51309254)
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405801
2017YFC0405804)
中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(AU0145B402017)
关键词
特大暴雨分级
理想暴雨
水库调度
上限起调水位
torrential rain classification
ideal rainstorm
reservoir operation
upper limit initial water level
