摘要
为提升社区消防安全水平,增强事故的预防能力和应急能力、减少火灾事故造成的损失,首先从人口特征、社区管理、物理因素、抗灾能力等4个方面,综合识别社区消防脆弱性影响因子,并据此构建社区消防脆弱性综合评价指标体系;然后引入投影寻踪模型,计算社区消防脆弱性指标权重;最后选取上海市洋泾街道共104个小区进行实证分析。结果表明:居民年龄结构老化的老旧小区,其消防脆弱性水平最高,需要予以重点关注;相较于高、中层小区,低层小区消防脆弱性水平较高;社区物理要素对社区脆弱性水平影响较大。
In order to improve the level of fire safety,enhance the capacity for disaster prevention and emergency response and reduce the disaster losses caused by fire accidents,factors affecting community vulnerability to fire were identified firstly from the following four aspects:demographic characteristics, community management,physical factors and resilience.An evaluation index system was established for community vulnerability to fire based the factors and a projection pursuit model was constructed to calculate the weights of different vulnerability factors.Finally,the model was applied to 104communities in the case of Yangjing,Shanghai.The results show that old communities with aged residents,have the highest level of vulnerability to fire,and need to be focused particularly,that the low-rise communities have a higher level of vulnerability than the high and middle-risecommunities,and that physical elements in community have a great impact on the level of community vulnerability.
作者
董大旻
冯顺伟
DONG Damin;FENG Shunwei(Business School,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第9期33-38,共6页
China Safety Science Journal
关键词
社区安全
消防安全
投影寻踪
脆弱性
综合评估
community safety
fire safety
projection pursuit method
vulnerability
comprehensive evaluation
