摘要
本文用世代均数设计和双列杂交设计的方法分析了普通小麦主要数量性状的基因效应。用Hayman 的双列分析表明,除粒数/小穗、穗粒重、收获指数、离体叶片持水力、叶绿素(a+b)含量以外,所有性状均符合加性一显性遗传模型,且多数性状表现部分显性。世代均数分析法得到相似的结论,表明加性效应是普遍存在的,上位性效应则是较次要的。在上位性效应中,加性×加性、加性×显性,显性×显性互作似乎同等重要,控制小麦数量性状遗传的各种基因效应的相对重要性的顺序为:加性>显性>上位性。根据小麦数量性状基因作用的特点,采取恰当的育种策略,才能提高小麦育种的成效。本文对有关的问题进行了讨论,提出若干建议。
The gene effects of some main quantitative characters of common wheat were analysed using a 6×6 diallel cross (without reciprocals) and generation mean analysis of threecrosses,including six generations (P1,P2,F1,F2,B1,B2).All characters studied with theHayman's method of diallel cross analysis coincided additive-dominance model except forgrain/spikelet,grain weight/spike,harvest index,retention ability of detached leaves,chlorophyll(a+b) content,most of which showed partial dominance.The generation mean analysis had the similar results indicating that the additive effects were pre-dominant in wheat,compared with epistasis where the additive×additive,additive×dom-inance and dominance×dominance interaction effects seemed to be equal important.Theorder of relative importance of various gene effects controlling the quantitative charactersof wheat was:additive>dominance>epistasis.To raise the efficiency of wheat breeding,corresponding methods should be adopted according to the characteristics of gene action in wheat.
出处
《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
1991年第1期17-24,共8页
Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition
关键词
小麦
数量性状
基因效应
common wheat
quantitative characters
gene effects
