摘要
据我们在北京和内蒙古等地多年研究表明,黄芪的植食性种子小蜂包括广肩小蜂科Bruchophagus属5种和金小蜂科Habrocytus属1种,为多种混合群体。我们通过大量标本的形态比较以及交配行为的观察,结合其生物学特性研究以及应用扫描电镜对其并胸腹节花纹的超微结构观察,鉴定出黄芪种子里有5种广肩种子小蜂,即黄芪种子小蜂Bruchophagus huonchi Liao et Fan及本文的4新种。
The present paper deals with the seed chalcids in the seeds of Astragalus spp. in northern China. Five species of Bruchophagus have been reared from seeds of various species of Astragalus and four of them are described as new to science.All the type specimens are preserved in the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing and Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica.1. Bruchophagus mongolicus Fan et Liao, sp. n. (Fig.1)This species resembles B. globiculatus Szelenyi, excepting 1) body length longer, 2.3 -2.5mm, not 1.9-2.0mm; 2) width of head in dorsal view only two times as long, not 3 times; 3) abdomen longer than thorax, not shorter; 4) the third tergite as long as the fourth, and not the fourth 1.5 times as long as the third.Hosts: Astragalus mongholicus Bunge. A. membranaceus (Fisch.), A. adsurgens Pall., A. dahuricus(Pall.) DC., A. sinicus L.Life history: 3 generations a year, part of the larvae of each generation may overwintering in host seeds.Holotype (?), allotype (?), Guyang, Nei Mongol, 15-Ⅶ-1977, emerged from seeds of Astragalus mongholicus, coll. Fan Ying. Paratypes: 20 (?) (?) , 20 (?) (?) , same data as holotype.Distribution: Nei Mongol, Bei jing, Shandong.2. Bruchophagus beijingensis Fan et liao, sp. n.(Fig.2)The species is closely related to Bruchophagus ambignus Szelenyi, but it can be distinguished from the latter by having 1) stigmal vein obviously longer than marginal vein, not subeqal to each other; 2) abdomen with 3rd and 4th terga subequal in length, not 4th 1.5 times as long as 3rd; 3) basal tarsus not as long as distal one. Hosts: Astragalus mongholicus Bunge., A. membranaceus(Fisch)Bge., A. chinensis L.Life history: 1-3 generations a year, with part of the larvae of 1st generation overwintering in seeds of Astragalus mongholicus.Holotype (?), allotype (?) , paratypes 5 (?) (?) , 5 (?) (?) , Beijing, Ⅶ-1980, ex seeds of A. mongholicu, collected by Fan Ying.Distribution: Nei Mongol, Beijing.3. Bruchophagus ciriventrious Fan et Liao, sp. n (Fig
